【摘要】 目的研究洪涝灾区肾综合征出血热(HFRS,简称“出血热”)流行特征,为洪涝灾区出血热防制工作提供科学依据。方法通过对灾区、非灾区的人间、鼠间疫情的监测,预测洪涝灾区HFRS的流行趋势,并有针对地实施控制措施。结果洪涝灾害期间灾区室内、野外的鼠密度分别为9.07%(64/706)、12.05%(54/448),明显高于同期非灾区的鼠密度(P<0.01);整个灾区检鼠肺118份,带病毒率2.54%,带病毒鼠指数0.05,其中阜南县灾区监测点指数为0.112;非灾区检鼠肺28份,均阴性。在灾区采取防制措施后,恢复期、灾后的鼠密度分为2.22%(39/1758)、1.52%(23/1 517),均低于非灾区同期的鼠密度(P恢复期<0.01,P灾后<0.05)。灾前1年、灾后1年灾区的HFRS发病率分别为1.01/10万(26例)、0.33/10万(9例);同期全市HFRS的发病率分别为0.81/10万、0.76/10万。结论洪涝灾害会引起灾区局部鼠密度增加,易引起出血热流行。当鼠密度指数≥0.1时,采取以灭鼠、防鼠为主的综合性防制措施,可有效控制出血热流行。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study epidemiological characteristics of HFRS in flooded area so as to provide scientific basis for HFRS control in flooded area.Methods Based on mice situation surveillance between flooded area and non flooded area,trend of HFRS in flooded area was predicted.Results Mice density indoor and outdoor in flooded area was 9.07%(64/706),12.05%(54/448),obviously higher than that in non flooded area(P<0.01).118 mice lung specimens from flooded area were detected.The rate of the virus carrier was 2.54%.Index of the virus carrier was 0.05.Of them,the index in Funan county was 0.112.28 mice lung specimens from non flooded area were detected.No positive specimens were found.After the countermeasures were implemented,mice density in recovery and post-flood periods of flooded area was 2.22%(39/1758) and 1.52%(23/1517) respectively,lower than that of non flooded area(P<0.01 and P<0.05).The incidence of HFRS in one year before and after flood was 1.01/100000(26 cases) and 0.33/100000(9 cases).The average incidence in Fuyang prefecture at the same period was 0.81/100000 and 0.76/100000.Conclusion Flood could increase mice density in parts of the flooded area and might lead to prevalence of HFRS.When index of mice density reaches,comprehensive measures including deratization and rat-proofing should be taken and could effectively control HFRS in the flooded area.更多还原