【摘要】 实验山羊共 10 5只 ,其中波尔山羊 6 0只 (公母羊各半 ,采血样 2 0个 ,组织样 4 0个 ) ,徐淮山羊 30只 (公母羊各半 ,每羊采血样 1个 ) ,海门山羊 15只 (公羊 7只 ,母羊 8只 ,每羊采血样 1个 )。分别提取DNA ,按品种构建DNA池。应用 36个选择性引物组合对波尔山羊、徐淮山羊和海门山羊品种间AFLP多样性进行研究 ,其中 2 9个引物组合共扩增出 32 5 3个标记 ,包括多态标记 92个 ,平均每个引物组合扩增 3.17个多态标记 ,多态频率达2 .8%。多态标记数较多的引物组合为 :E0 0 +ACG/M 0 0 +CAA(13个 )、E0 0 +ACG/M0 0 +CAG(10个 )、E0 0 +AAC/M0 0 +CAC(8个 )和E0 0 +AAC/M0 0 +ACT(7个 )。从 93个随机引物中筛选出品种间多态性较强、重复性好的引物 2 2个 ,对 3个品种池DNA进行RAPD扩增 ,共扩增出 183个标记 ,其中多态标记 6 0个 ,平均每个引物扩增2 .73个多态标记 ,多态频率为 32 .8%。两种方法得到一致结果 ,即徐淮山羊与海门山羊遗传距离最近 ,徐淮山羊与波尔山羊次之 ,海门山羊与波尔山羊遗传距离最远。按UPGMA法将海门山羊与徐淮山羊聚为一类 ,其次为波尔山羊。两种方法均能较好地反映 3个山羊品种的遗传差异 ,但AFLP方法多态标记数更多。更多还原

【Abstract】 Blood and tissue samples were taken from 105 goats including 60 Boer goats (30 for each sex), 30 Xuhuai goats (15 for each sex) and 15 Haimen goats (7 stud and 8 does). DNA was abstracted and DNA pools were constructed on the basis of goat breed. In 36 selective primer combinations, 29 combinations amplified totally 3 253 markers, including 92 polymorphic markers by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). On average, 3.17 polymorphic markers were amplified per combination, with a polymorphic frequency of 2.8%. The primer combinations by which more polymorphic markers (showed in brackets) were obtained involved in E00+ACG/M00+CAA (13), E00+ACG/M00+CAG (10), E00+AAC/M00+CAC (8) and E00+AAC/M00+ACT (7). A total of 183 markers including 60 polymorphic markers were amplified by RAPD from the pooled DNA of three breeds using 22 primer with strong polymorphism and high repeatability selected from 93 arbitrary primers. On average, 2.73 polymorphic markers were amplified per primer, with a polymorphic frequency of 32.8%. The results of AFLP and RAPD coincidently suggested that the genetic distance is the closest between the Xuhuai and the Haimen goat, next between the Xuhuai and Boer goat, and the farthest between the Haimen and the Boer goat. According to the UPGMA method, Haimen and Xuhuai goats can be gathered together as a cluster, then the Boer. Both methods can implicate the genetic difference of these three breeds, in particularly AFLP has more polymorphic markers.更多还原