【摘要】 目的:为股前外侧带感觉神经逆行岛状皮瓣的设计提供动脉层次关系的解剖学基础。方法:在54侧下肢标本上解剖观察了旋股外侧动脉降支末端与膝周围动脉吻合的层次关系及股外侧皮神经的血供来源。结果:①在浅筋膜层内,股外侧皮神经的血供来源是多源性,分节段的,这些营养血管互相吻合成网穿过皮下组织达皮肤。②旋股外侧动脉降支末端在膝关节上方的深筋膜层与膝周围动脉的吻合有三个类型。结论:以股外侧皮神经及其营养血管或旋股外侧动脉降支为蒂截取股前外侧带感觉神经逆行岛状皮瓣可用于膝周软组织缺损或膝下截肢创面的修复。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To provide artery’ s anatomic basis for the design of anterolateral femoral reverse island skin flap with nervous plexous. Methods: The origins, courses, branches, distributions and outer diameters of the arteries around the knee were investigated on 36 sides of adult low extremity specimens injected with red latex and 10 sides with ink. Eight cast specimens of low extremity were observed. Three - layer’ s investigation of the vasculature in the muscular, deep adipofacial and superficial adipofascial layer were anticipated. Results: The arteries around the knee were divided into three distinct layers. The accompanying arteries, in superficial adipofascial layer, were found lying along the lateral femoral nerve to nourish the skin through venocutaneous and neurocutaneous perforators. In each case, either a long artery or a chain-linked system of arteries "hitchhiked" with the nerve. Three arterial anastomosises, in deep adipofical layer, were identified. Conclusion: On the basis of the anatomy of these accompanying arteries, the anterolateral femoral neuroadipofascial pedicled with fasciocutaneous flap or full - thickness skin flap have been developed for various reconstruction’s of the lower extremity with proximal and distal bases.更多还原