【摘要】 目的 了解门诊人群高血压和糖尿病的患病情况和影响因素,提出进行针对性的健康教育和治疗的重要性。方法 采用横断面的临床流行病学研究,涉及我国北方、南方和中部城市各级医院18家,在内科、妇科和其他科,对35岁以上的9703例门诊患者进行现场检查和问卷调查。结果高血压患病率为46.5％,高血压知晓率为77.1％,治疗率69.5％,治疗控制达标率仅为22.7％,糖尿病患病率为11.7％,在高血压患者中糖尿病患病率为16.3％。健康知识主要采源于报纸、杂志、家人和朋友的占70％,危险评估高危和极高危组占75.4％。结论 提高知晓率是接受治疗的第一步,加强健康教育和健康促进,非药物和药物治疗,提高达标率,尤其在糖尿病人群中,降压比降糖更能预防大血管事件。正确注重舆论导向,防止误导和错导。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To understand the prevalence of hypertension and diabetes and their risk factors in the visitors to the outpatient departments and the importance to put forward relevant health educations and treatments for the patients. Methods A cross-sectional study with blood pressure measurements and questionnaire interview was conducted in 18 hospitals from the central, northern and southern parts of China, involving 9 703 patients aged over 35 years visited their departments of internal medicine, obstetrics and gynecology, and others. Results The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes were 46.5% and 11.7% , respectively, and comorbidity of hypertension and diabetes was 16.3%. The proportion of awareness of hypertension was 77.1% in the patients, 69.5% of them were under treatment, and only 22.7% were under control. Sources of their health knowledge were from newspaper, magazines, their family members and friends. Totally, 75.4% of the patients with hypertension were classified as high-risk or extremely high-risk groups. Conclusions It is the first step in the treatment for patients with hypertension to improve their awareness, and then to strengthen health education and health promotion. It is necessary to promote lifestyle modification and pharmacologic treatment in order to increase the percentage of patients under control. It is of particular importance to prevent serious macrovascular events in the diabetics by reducing their blood pressure, which is more effective than decrease in blood sugar. It is imperative to avoid misleading to the public opinion in health education.更多还原