【摘要】 目的　调查河南省 2 0 0 0年全省人群哮喘患病率及相关因素 ,为哮喘防治和疾病控制提供依据。方法　与结核病流行病学调查 (简称流调 )同步 ,分层随机整群抽样 ,选点 43个 ,分布于全省18个地市 ,抽样人口 75 134名 ,受检 6 5 0 33名 (97 0 % )。结果　本次流调检出哮喘患者 6 82例 ,全省哮喘总患病率为 1 0 5 % ,儿童为 1 71% ,成人为 0 82 %。男、女性分别为 1 16 %、0 94% ,男女比为1 2 3∶1。慢性喘息性支气管炎 (简称慢喘支 )计入哮喘时全省哮喘患病率达 1 73% ,增加 6 5 %。 0～ 3岁、≥ 6 5岁为两个高患病率年龄组 ,15～ 2 4岁为最低患病率年龄组 ,分别为 4 48%、1 43%和 0 36 %。儿童起病年龄约 90 %在 7岁前 ,成人则 1/ 3起病于儿童期。农村患病率高于城市。寒冷、上呼吸道感染 (简称上感 )、吸烟和油烟刺激、屋尘为前 4位诱因。季节性发病者为 6 7 2 % ,冬春季为 6 5 4%。有过敏性鼻炎、皮炎及药物过敏史者为 6 0 6 % ,有哮喘病家族史者为 34 3%。结论　本次流调获得了全省哮喘患病率及相关因素 ,可供哮喘防治和控制哮喘决策参考。以此次哮喘患病率计算 ,全省哮喘患者人数可达约 98～ 16 0万例 ,值得高度重视和认真防治更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To survey asthma prevalence, correlation factors for prevention, treatment,and for policy decision of asthma control. Methods Done with TB epidemiological survey synchronously, sampling by stratified-cluster-random method. 43 points were selected and distributed in all 18 prefectures in Henan province. Sampling population was 75 134, and 65 033 (97.0%) were investigated actually.Results In this survey, 682 asthma patients were found. The total prevalence rate was 1.05%, the rate for children was 1.71%, and that for adult was 0.82%; the rates for male and female were 1.16%, 0.94% respectively. The ratio of male to female was 1.23∶1. When asthmatic chronic bronchitis cases were regarded as asthma cases and included in total asthma cases, the overall prevalence rate of asthma would increase up to 1.73%, raised by 65%. The higher prevalence were in 0～3 years old age group (4.48%) and ≥65 years old age group (1.43%), the lowest prevalence was in 15～24 years old age group (0.36%). For 90% of asthmatic children, the initiative age of asthma was before 7 years old, and for 1/3 adult patient, it was in childhood. The prevalence of asthma in rural area was higher than that of urban area. Cold air, common cold, stimulation of smoking and cooking, and room dust were the 4 main inducing factors. Seasonal attack of asthma accounted for 67.2%, and that in winter and spring was 65.4%. 60.6% of asthma cases showed history of allergic diseases including allergic rhinitis, dermatitis, and drug allergy; 34.3% asthma family history. Conclusions The rate of prevalence and inducing factors of asthma in Henan province were gained in this survey. The results may basically reflect the present status and be provided for asthma control as reference. According to the prevalence, asthma cases would be up to 0.98～1.6 million in whole Henan province and more attention should be paid to this situation.更多还原