【摘要】 目的　以广州地区为代表 ,了解我国南方婴幼儿腹泻轮状病毒感染的特点及病毒的型别分布。方法　从 1994年 11月至 1998年 1月 (连续 39个月、历经四个轮状病毒感染的流行季节 )收集因非细菌性腹泻而收入广州市儿童医院住院患儿的粪便标本共 12 0 7例 ,用不连续聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳 (PAGE)检测轮状病毒基因组RNA ,对轮状病毒阳性标本用RT PCR分别扩增病毒VP7和VP4基因 ,对RT PCR阳性标本再进一步用套式PCR (对VP7)和斑点杂交 (对VP4 )作型别鉴定。结果　 12 0 7例标本中 ,有 5 37例检测到轮状病毒基因 ,阳性率为 4 7 5 %。这些阳性标本主要来自 2岁以下的婴幼儿。发病的高峰集中在每年的 11月至次年的 2月。VP7以 1型 (G1)为主 (86 0 % ) ,VP4以 1A型(P1A)为主 (83 1% )。G1P1A组合占所检测到的标本的 84 1% ,其次为VP72型、VP4 1B型 (G2P1B)(5 7% )和VP73型、VP4 1A型 (G3P1A ) (2 3% ) ,还有一些混合感染的病例。结论　轮状病毒是广州地区婴幼儿腹泻的主要病原更多还原

【Abstract】 Rotavirus is one of the most important pathogens causing diarrheal diseases in infants and young children worldwide VP4 and VP7 are the two major neutralization antigens of the virus, which induce the type specific protective antibodies against rotavirus infection Objective To understand the impact of rotavirus infection in infantile diarrhea and analyze the genotype distribution of rotaviruses in infants and young children with diarrhea in Guangzhou City Methods Stool specimens were collected from 1207 patients with non bacterial diarrhea who were hospitalized in Guangzhou Children′s Hospital from November 1994 to January 1998 Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) were employed to detect rotavirus double stranded RNA (dsRNA) from stool specimens and cDNA fragments of the genes encoding VP4 and VP7 were amplified from the rotavirus RNA positive specimens by using RT PCR Genotypes of VP7s from the rotavirus positive specimens were determined by nested PCR and those of VP4 genes were determined by dot blot hybridization Results Rotavirus dsRNA was detected from 573 (47 5%) of 1 207 stool specimens Among them, 445 (77 7%) had long RNA electrophoresis pattern and 83 (14 5%) had short pattern, 15 (2 6%) had mixed RNA pattern,and 30 (5 2%) with very weak stain and were difficult to identify whether they belonged to long or short patterns Most of the rotavirus positive specimens (96 3%) were from those under 2 years of age, among them 49 6% were from patients 7 to 12 months of age The peak season for rotavirus infection in Guangzhou city was from November to February of the following year The most dominant G type of rotavirus in this group was G1 (86 0%) and P type was P1A (83 1%) G2 and G3 were the next important ones in this group Rotaviruses with G8 and G9 were also found in this study group Conclusion Rotavirus is one of the most important pathogens for diarrhea in infants and young children in Guangzhou City The most dominant genotype of rotaviruses circulating in Guangzhou was G1 P1A更多还原