【摘要】 目的 :了解包头市 0～ 1 4岁儿童哮喘发病情况及相关因素。方法 :采用整群抽样集中调查与分散家访相结合的方式 ,对我市昆区、青山区 1 1 0 80例 0～ 1 4岁儿童进行了哮喘流行病学调查。结果 :(1 )调查筛查出哮喘患儿 1 0 3例 ,包括可疑哮喘 7例 ,故实际患病率 0 88%。其中儿童哮喘 59 2 % ,婴幼儿哮喘 2 8 2 % ,咳嗽变异性哮喘 5 8%。男性患病率明显高于女性 ,男女之比为 2 3∶1。 (2 )哮喘危险因素发现①哮喘好发季节主要为换季和冬季 ,分别为 2 8 1 6 %和 1 7 48%。发病诱因以呼吸道感染为主达 96 1 2 % ,其次为天气变化 65 0 5 %。②一级亲属中有哮喘史或其它过敏史分别为 6 8%和 37 8%。个人过敏史以湿疹最多见 73 8% ,过敏性鼻炎 2 7 1 %。结论 :本次流调显示了我市 0～ 1 4岁儿童哮喘患病率较 1 0年前明显增高 (1 0年前为 0 55 % ) ,具有多种引起哮喘的危险因素存在。因此 ,哮喘的防治应从婴幼儿抓起 ,尤其是有家族过敏史的子女是高危人群。向基层宣传普及GINA知识是哮喘防治取得成功的重要措施更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective: To realize incidence and correlative factor of asthma for children aped 0～14 in Baotou city. Methods: Combining group sampling of collecting investigation with inviting family separately were used.Asthma investigation were implemented for 11080 cases of children aged 0～14 in Kun and Qingshan district of Baotou city. Results: (1)103 patients with asthma were sifted out of 11080 cases of children,including 7 cases with suspicious asthma,so it’s reality incidence was 0\^88%,in which incidence of cases with children asthma was 59\^2%,infant asthma was 28\^2%,variability asthma of coughing was 5\^82%,incidence in male was obviously higher than female,the ratio of male to female was 2\^3∶1.(2)There were two risk factors of asthma among investigation:①seasons in suffering from asthma were mainly in winter and shifting seasons,incidence in winter and shifting seasons were respectively 28\^16% and 17\^48%.In asthma exciting main cause was infection of upper respiratory tract,The rate was 96\^1%, The second reason was wether changing,the rate was 65\^05%.②The incidence of patients with asthma and allergic history in direct relatives were respectively 6\^8% and 37\^8%.The incidence of eczema was very common in having allergic patients,which was 73\^8%,allergic rhinitis was 27\^1%. Conclutions: This investigation showed that the incidence of asthma was obviously higher than ten years ago in children ased 0～14 in Baotou city.(Now 0\^88%,before 0\^55%).and there were many risk factors causing asthma.Therefore,to make preventions against asthma should be focused in infants and especially in children with family allergic history.Making the public know the GINA knowledge is an important measure of preventing and treating asthma.更多还原