【摘要】 目的　分析双生子资料 ,探讨遗传和环境因素对儿童智力影响及相互作用特点。方法　运用双生子研究法和韦氏儿童智力量表对 87对 6～ 1 7岁同性别MZ和DZ双生子进行智力测试和家庭背景状况调查。结果　儿童总智商遗传度为 0 .51 75 ,言语智商遗传度为 0 .7350 ,操作智商遗传度为 0 .4732。多因素正交设计F检验结果显示 ,与遗传因素有交互作用的环境因素有父母亲中学以下文化程度、父亲吸烟饮酒、母孕期患病及分娩时有不利因素、生育年龄大于 2 9岁、儿童早期发育不良和早期教育。结论　儿童智力受遗传和环境双重影响 ,父母较高文化程度、早期受到良好教育等有利环境因素可促进儿童智力潜在遗传性的发挥 ,母亲孕期患病、生育年龄大、家庭经济收入低等不利于儿童智力发育更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze and discuss the effects and interactions of genetic and environment factors on intelligence of twins children. Methods The intelligences of 87 twins children aged 6～12 were examined with the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, and their social and domestic situations were also investigated. Results Heritability of total intelligence, verbal intelligence and performance intelligence were 0.5175, 0.7350 and 0.4732 respectively. Multivariate analysis results revealed that genetic factors have interaction with environment factors, such as parents’ education, father’s smoking and drinking behavior, mother’s illness in pregnancy, abnormity during delivery, bearing age over 29, children’ development situation and education during their early years. Conclusions The genetic factors and environment factors have interaction and double effects on children intelligence. Some advantage factors, including parents’ high education, having more education in children’ early years, etc., can promote children intelligence, and other disadvantage factors(illness in pregnancy, lower domestic economy)would do harm to children intelligence development.更多还原