【摘要】 用随机扩增多态DNA(RAPD)方法对红麻种质资源的遗传变异和亲缘关系进行分析。6个引物对14份日本使用的红麻品种扩增出总共30条RAPD多态性条带。根据RAPD图谱模式可将红麻品种区分开来,区分范围从6份(用OPA-20引物扩增)到12份(用OPA-11引物扩增)的品种。用这30条多态性条带构建出的聚类分析树状图,将这14份红麻品种聚成源于印度、中国、越南的三大类。在随后进行的用四个引物对19份从美国引入的红麻种质资源的RAPD分析中,获得以35条多态性条带为基础的RAPD图谱并构建了树状图。结果认为这19份材料的大部分源于EISalvador种系。起源相近或亲本来源相同的红麻品种资源随着时间、环境和人为等因素的影响农艺性状不断变异,但在DNA分子水平上的变异相对较小。根据红麻的农艺性状等很难判定品种的来源,而RAPD方法可区分鉴定品种以及明确品种资源间的亲缘关系。更多还原

【Abstract】 Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were analyzed to clarify the genetic variability and relationship between kenaf varieties. 6 Operon 10- mer random primers produced a total of 30 distinguished polymorphic fragments for 14 kenaf varieties used in Japan. The kenaf varieties can be clearly distinguished based on their RAPD pattern ranged from 6 (primer OPA- 20) to 12 varieties (primer OPA- 11). A dendrogram was constructed with the 30 polymorphic fragments to analyze the genetic distances between the different kenaf varieties. The resulting dendrogram showed a differentiation into three main groups representing the different varieties originated in India, China, and Vietnam respectively. At a following experiment, 4 Operon 10- mer random primers were used for analyzing 19 kenaf germplasm obtained from USA. The kenaf germplasm also can be distinguished based on their RAPD pattern, and a dendrogram was constructed based on the total of 35 polymorphic fragments. As the results, most of these germplasm were considered to have same pedigree of EI Salvador strain which possessing the Indian strains ` vulgaris’ and ` viridis’ components. The agronomic characters of kenaf germplam with same pedigree or origin have gradually varied with factors of time, environment and artificiality and so on. However the genetic variations on DNA level are slight. It causes the difficulty of identification and management for kenaf variety by their morphological characters, but the RAPD analysis is sufficient to identify kenaf varieties and clarify their genetic relationships.更多还原