【摘要】 自乙型肝炎 (乙肝 )疫苗使用以来 ,乙肝疫苗免疫后的低应答和无应答是国内外研究较多的一个问题。导致乙肝疫苗免疫失败的原因可分为 4类 14种因素 :(1)疫苗因素 ,如疫苗抗原成分、含量、灭活方法、佐剂的质量 ;(2 )机体因素 ,如接种人群的年龄、性别、体重、遗传因素 ;(3)接种因素 ,如接种的途径、部位、针次、程序 ;(4)其它因素 ,如母亲乙肝病毒感染指标的状况、疾病因素、不良嗜好和病毒变异等。针对免疫失败的原因 ,采取相应补救措施 ,可以提高乙肝疫苗的免疫成功率更多还原

【Abstract】 Since the initiation of h epatitis B vaccination,low and no immune responses after immunizatio n of hepatitis B vaccine has been a common problem at home and abroa d There are 14 kinds,4 categories of factors leading to failure of hepatitis B vaccination, which are the antigenic component,content,inacti vated methods and adjuvant qualit y of the vaccine;the age,sex,body weight and ge netic factors of the vaccinees;the ro utes, sites,doses and procedures of vaccination;the other factors are h epatitis B virus serum markers,dis eases and bad inhabits of the mothe rs,and besides,the variation of th e virus According to the causes of failure, remedial meas ures can be adopted to raise the successful ra te of hepatitis B vaccination更多还原