【摘要】 目的　为制定全国地氟病中、长期防治策略提供科学数据。方法　采用流行病学方法分析了地氟病的防治和现状。资料来源于两个方面 :(1) 1991～ 1999年全国地氟病重点监测数据。(2 ) 1991～ 2 0 0 0年全国地方病统计信息系统数据。结果　 110年来全国降氟改水率上升 8个多百分点 ,但改水工程合格率下降 15个百分点。各地区改水速度不平衡 ,华北与华东地区改水最快 ,上升 10个百分点 ,最慢是西北 ,上升 4个百分点 ,改水率未超过 3 0 %。 2全国降氟改灶率上升 1个百分点 ,正常使用率上升 7.8个百分点。西部改灶率增长约 2个百分点 ,达到 13 %。包括湖北、湖南其它南方地区改灶率达到 44 %。 3目前 ,改水率未达 44 %的省份有东北的黑龙江、吉林 ;华北的安徽、山西 ;西北的内蒙、甘肃、陕西等 ,其中安徽改水率仅 1%。 4改灶率未达 2 0 %以上的省份有贵州、四川、陕西、湖南等 ,其中贵州改灶率仅 2 %。结论　我国各地区地氟病防治措施落实进度极不平衡 ,西部地区进度最慢 ,应加大西部地区防治力度。同时 ,要重视防氟工程管理 ,建立全国地氟病可持续性消除机制。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To formulate the medial and long term control strategies of endemic fluorosis in China mainland, so these data on the disease control trends and situation should be collected and analysed.Methods Epidemiologic methods were adopted. Data came from two aspects:the first was the key monitoring data of endemic fluorosis from 1991 to 1999, and the second was the nationwide data of endemic disease statistics from 1991 to 2000.Results ①In the whole country, over ten years, improving water rate increased more than 8%, but the rate up to the nation standard of improving water projects reduced 15%. The speed of improving water was unbalance in different areas, the fastest were Huabei and Huadong regions, and increased 10%. The slowest was North-west region and increased 4%, where the improving water rate was less than 30%.②In China, improving cooking stoves rate increased 1% and the qualified rate increased 7.8%.. In western regions, the improving stoves rate increased about 2%, and reached 13%.In other south areas including Hubei and Hunan province, the improving stoves rate reached 44%.③At present, some provinces whose improving water rate was less than 40% included Heilongjing, Jilin, Anhui,Shanxi, Inner Mongolia, Gansu and Shaanxi province, in which the improving water rate in Anhui was only 1%.④Some provinces whose improving stoves rate didn’t reach over 20% covered Guizhou, Sichuan, Shaanxi and Hunan province and so on, in which the improving stoves rate in Guizhou province was merely 2%.Conclusions The process of carrying out endemic fluorosis control measures in different areas of China was greatly unbalance, the slowest in western regions, so control power in western regions should be strengthened. In the meantime, the management about defluoridation projects should be paid attention, and to build a sustained elimination system of endemic fluorosis in the whole country.更多还原