【摘要】 目的　了解武汉大学人民医院呼吸道感染致病菌的菌种分布及耐药现状。方法　采用仪器法细菌培养及药敏测定。结果　呼吸道标本致病菌分离率为 4 0 .7% ,其中革兰阴性杆菌占首位 ( 75 .1% ) ;真菌第 2位 ( 14 .5 % ) ;革兰阳性球菌第 3位 ( 10 .4 % )。革兰阴性杆菌中 ,绿脓假单胞菌 ( 2 6 .6 % )、肺炎克雷伯菌 ( 16 .7% )、流感嗜血杆菌 ( 11.5 % )、不动杆菌 ( 10 .5 % )列居前 4位。真菌中以白色假丝酵母菌占绝大多数 ( 80 .7% ) ;而革兰阳性球菌中以金黄色葡萄球菌 ( 39.7% )和肺炎链球菌 ( 39.7% )分离率最高。对大部分革兰阴性杆菌有较好敏感性的抗生素有亚胺培南 ( 90 %～ 10 0 % )、三代头孢 ( 38%～ 81% )及庆大霉素 ( 71%～ 73% )。结论　呼吸道感染致病菌中以革兰阴性杆菌占首位 ,亚胺培南及头孢他啶在革兰阴性杆菌中抗菌活性最强 ;应重视三代头孢菌素的合理应用 ,预防产超广谱 β 内酰胺酶 (ESBLs)和持续高产Ⅰ型头孢菌素酶 (Ampc)的肠杆科细菌的产生与扩散更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogen strain in the respiratory airway illness in the People’s Hospital of Wuhan University.Methods Adopt instrumental bacterial incubating and susceptivity test.Results The detection rate of specimens pathogen in the respiratory airway is 40.7%,among them,the Gram negative bacilli ranks the first(75.1%);the epiphyte ranks the second(14.5%);the Gram positive cocci ranks the third(10.4%).In the Gram negative bacilli,the pseudomonas aeruginosa(26.6%),klebsiella pneumoniae(16.7%),haemophilus influenzae(11.5%),acinetobacter(10.5%)go into the top four.The white rhizotrichum is in the majority of epiphytes.However,the detection rate of staphylococcus aureus and pneumococcus is the highest in the Gram positive cocci.For the most Gram negative bacilli,the antibiotics of better susceptivity include lmipenem(90%～100%),the 3rd generation of cephalosporins (38%～81%)and gentamicin(71%～73%).Conclusion The Gram negative bacilli is the leading factor in the pathogen of respiratory airway infection.The antibacterial vigor of lmipenem and ceftazidime is the strongest for the Gram negative bacilli.Stress should be put on the reasonable utilization of the 3rd generation of cephalosporins in order to prevent production and pervasion of Enterobacteriaceae’s bacteria with ESBLS and Ampc.更多还原