【摘要】 荷兰写实主义的历史可以追溯到十六世纪的风景、静物、城市景观、室内描绘以及肖像画。例如十七世纪的威廉·克拉耶斯·赫达(Willem Claesz Heda, 约1594-1680),十七世纪的维米尔,作品细腻、富于内涵,是荷兰写实画家的楷模。 上世纪五十年代,由于抽象绘画的冲击与影响,荷兰传统写实画家们不甘示弱,决定继续保留与发扬他们原有的写实精神,与抽象绘画一争高下。这些写实画家主要集中在阿姆斯特丹的荷兰皇家美院举办画展,展示他们不同的写实主义表现风貌。八十年代之后,写实主义画派的重心北移至米内尔瓦美术学院(de Academie Minerva),也有“北方写实主义”之称。 荷兰有名的写实画家不少,为了更清晰地展示他们的特点,不妨暂时以绘画素材为标准大致归类为静物写实画家、风景写实画家和人物写实画家三种:更多还原

【Abstract】 Figurative painting in Netherland can be traced back to landscapes, still lifes andportraits in the 16th century. But after WWII, figurative painting faced challenges fromive arts. Refused to admit being inferior and kept on developing their figura-tive expressive approach, local artists displayed their works in Royal Academy of Artsbefore 80s and then in Academy Minerva from 80s. Here we theoretically categorizethem into still life painters, landscape painters and figure painters so that our readerscan know clearly their styles and their developing ways.更多还原