【摘要】 通过对Landsat热红外波段TM6、近红外波段TM5和可见光波段TM1的综合信息图像处理 ,结合丫吉村岩溶水文地质试验场土层下石灰岩溶蚀随气温变化数据以及 1987— 1996年 10年内桂林城市气温观测数据 ,发现城市热岛效应会对处于特殊岩溶地质环境中的桂林市造成一种特殊影响———城市地面整体岩溶热蚀沉降。在此基础上 ,建立了桂林城市岩溶热蚀沉降动力学模型和发展演化模型 ,从而为开展基于t GIS的桂林城市地面整体岩溶热蚀沉降定量预测提供了理论与技术依据更多还原

【Abstract】 The area of the plane distribution of the temperature anomaly field of urban heat island of Guilin city has been determined through the comprehensive processing and analysis of the image information of the heat infrared band, the near infrared band and the visible light band of TM. On this basis, it is discovered that a special effect, karst heat corrosion subsidence on the whole ground of the city caused ty the urban heat island effect on Guilin located in the special karst environment through combining the data of the limestone corrosion under the soil layer in the test karst hydrogeologic field in Yaji village and the data of the urban air temperature in Guilin observed in the past ten years from 1987 to 1996. Study shows that the karst heat corrosion subsidence of the whole urban area is a very slow and concealed interaction process between human and the earth, it is difficult to detect only in the dependence on the methods of traditional and local observation on the earth’s surface. But at least, three types of effects on the urban environments can be qualitatively prognosticated from a long-term point of view. The first, the whole foundation of city has to slightly subside with the result of the subsidence of the whole buildings. The subsiding range is less than or equal to the vertical range of the heat corrosion. Because of the small subsiding range, it usually can’t destroy the buildings. But it may bring about a certain effect on these buildings located in some special positions of corrosion and having precise mosaic texture in the horizontal direction. The second, the thickness of the Quaternary System within the urban region has to increase. The third, it will be possible to cause the karst collapses or the faults on the ground, if a certain original and stable natural support texture of the bedrock is destroyed by the heat corrosion subsidence. For evaluating these effects, a dynamic model of karst heat corrosion subsidence and a development and evolution conceptual model of the whole ground of Guilin have been put forward. $h$, the dynamic depth of the overburden of the underlying Quaternary System under the urban mat in the process of the heat corrosion subsidence, $v$, the velocity of the heat corrosion subsidence and $t$, the necessary time for subsiding to a predetermined depth can be quantitatively calculated by using the dynamic model. And the three developing stages of the karst heat corrosion subsidence of the whole urban area of Guilin can be audio—visually shown by using the development and evolution conceptual model. Thus, it provides a theoretical and technological basis for setting up the system of the quantitative analysis and prognostication of the heat corrosion subsidence of the whole urban area of Guilin and revealing the temporal and spatial locus of the heat corrosion subsidence of the whole urban area of Guilin.更多还原