【摘要】 解偶联蛋白基因是新近发现的能够增加能量的消耗 ,与脂肪代谢和能量调控有密切关系的一个基因 ,可以将其作为研究肉鸡体脂代谢的候选基因。以肉鸡和 3个地方品种 (北京油鸡 ,石岐杂 ,白耳鸡 )以及海兰褐蛋鸡为实验材料 ,用 2对引物对解偶联蛋白基因 (UCP)的 3′非翻译区进行SNPs检测 ,探讨UCP基因作为影响鸡脂肪性状候选基因的可能性。利用单链构像多态 (SSCP)的方法进行SNPs的检测和基因型的判别。 χ2 检验表明 ,2对引物的突变产生的基因型和基因频率在各品种间差异极显著 (P <0 0 1) ,但在肉鸡与北京油鸡之间、白耳鸡与海兰褐蛋鸡之间的差异不显著 ,初步推断是因为北京油鸡属于肉用性状较突出的地方品种 ,推断它与现代肉鸡的遗传基础类似 ,而白耳鸡是偏向于蛋用的地方品种 ,和蛋鸡的遗传基础类似。引物 2的 1197处突变产生的 3种基因型与肉鸡屠体性状的最小二乘分析结果显示 :BB基因型个体的腹脂重和腹脂率显著低于AB、AA基因型的个体。初步推断UCP基因为影响鸡脂肪性状的主效基因或与主效基因连锁更多还原

【Abstract】 The UCPs are integral membrane proteins of the mitochondrial respiration from oxidative phosphorylation, diminishing the resulting production of ATP and instead yielding dissipative heat.The action of those proteins creates a futile cycle that decreases the metabolic efficiency of the organism. Thus UCPs provide new clue to obesity’s causes. This study was designed to investigate the effect of UCP gene on chicken fatness traits. The fifth generation population of divergent selection broiler line, Hyline Brown layer and three native breeds (shiqiza, Beijing You,baier) were used in this research. Body weight and body composition traits were measured in broiler lines at 7 weeks of age. Primers for the 3′ untranslator region in UCP were designed from database of chicken genomic sequence. Polymorphisms were detected by PCR SSCP and DNA sequencing. The results showed that there was significant difference ( P <0.01) in the frequency of genotype among breeds except broiler vs Beijing You and Baier vs Hyline Brown layer in mutation sites detected by the two pairs of primers. The distribution of genotype in Beijing You and broiler had no difference. It deduced that Beijing You belongs to the native breed that has dominant meat type traits and has the same genetic background with broiler. Baier and Hyline Brown Layer have no difference in the genotype, it can be viewed as they have same genetic background. A A/C mutation at base position 1197 was found among individuals in broiler line and the least square analysis showed that BB birds had significant lower ( P <0.01) abdominal fat weight and percentage of abdominal fat than AB or AA birds. From the results we can putatively draw the conclusion that UCP gene is the major gene to affect the fatness traits or it links with the major gene.更多还原