【摘要】 目的 :采用光学相干断层扫描 (opticalcoherencetomography ,OCT)观察特发性黄斑裂孔 (idiopathicmacularhole,IMH)各期的图像特征及其演变过程。方法 :对 199只眼 (170例 ,其中 2 9例双眼患者 )IMH的OCT图像进行回顾性观察分析 ,进行随访观察。结果 :Ⅰ期裂孔 16只眼 (8% ) ,表现为黄斑中心凹视网膜不同程度的囊样变性 (75 % )或浅脱离 (15 % ) ;Ⅱ期裂孔 2 0只眼 (10 % ) ,OCT示黄斑中心凹旁中心破裂 (85 % )和中心破裂 (15 % ) ;Ⅲ期裂孔 12 1只眼 (6 1% ) ,表现为黄斑中心凹神经上皮层全层缺失 ;Ⅳ期裂孔、板层裂孔及双眼黄斑裂孔分别为 2 3只眼 (12 % )、19只眼 (10 % )、2 9只眼 (17% )。结论 :OCT图像对观察IMH各期特征及其演进过程具有重要的临床应用价值更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective:To analyze the optic coherence tomography(OCT) features of idiopathic macular hole at various evolutionary stages,and investigate the retinal and vitreous changes during macular hole formation .Methods:170 patients (199 eyes,among them 29 patients had bilateral lesions)with IMH were examined with linear scans of OCT to observe the features of OCT and were followed up for 2-10 months.Results:In the 16 eyes with stage Ⅰ hole,OCT revealed cystic changes at the fovea in 75%,and foveal retinal detachment in 15%;In the 20 eyes with stage Ⅱ hole,paracentral rupture of the retina was observed with an operculum adherent to the posterior hyaloids in 85% and central tear without an operculum in 15%;OCT disclosed full-thickness defect at the fovea with or without a suspended operculum in 121 eyes with stage Ⅲ hole;in the 23 eyes with stage Ⅳ(10%)hole,there was laminar hole in 19 eyes(10%).29 patients had bilateral holes (17%).Conclusion:OCT is highly valuable in clinical application as it can display the features of IMH at different stages,and it provides new data of early changes and process of macular hole formation.更多还原