【摘要】 双子表面活性剂 (Geminisurfactant)是由两个单链单头基普通表面活性剂在离子头基处通过化学键联接而成 ,因而抑制了表面活性剂有序聚集过程中的头基分离力 ,极大地提高了表面活性。与一般的表面活性剂相比 ,Gemini表面活性剂是概念上的突破 ,被誉为新一代的表面活性剂。利用叔胺的烷基化和多异氰酸酯与含活泼氢物质的质子转移反应合成一种新型Gemini表面活性剂 ,并通过红外光谱对其结构进行分析 ,初步测定了其表面活性。结果表明 ,该表面活性剂结构独特 ,临界胶团浓度略低于离子头基联接相同碳原子数链的普通表面活性剂 ,具有较高活性 ,可以有效降低水的表面张力。更多还原

【Abstract】 Gemini surfactant is a new type of surfactant, which is made up of two identical amphiphilic moieties covalently connected to the level of the head group by a spacer group. As a result, the separation between the polar head groups within Gemini surfactants is strongly decreased when they aggregate and furthermore the surface activity is greatly enhanced. Compared with general surfactants, introduction of Gemini surfactants is a breakthrough in concept. Therefore Gemini surfactants were reputed as a new generation of surfactants. An easy synthesis method of a novel Gemini surfactant is reviewed by the alkanization of tertiary amine and the proton transfer reaction between multiple isocyanate and reagent containing active hydrogen. The structure is analyzed by IR test and surface-active property is determined. Results show that the surfactant has unique structure and possess excellent surface-active properties.更多还原