【摘要】 采用环境流行病学、环境化学、污染气象学相结合的研究方法 ,通过建立暴露浓度数学模型和大气颗粒物源解析确定燃煤污染物暴露水平 ,并定量研究其对人群健康危害程度的技术方法 ,获得了大气环境常规监测资料不能得到的燃煤大气污染物PM1 0 、PM2 5、B(a)P等的人群历史暴露水平、燃煤对大气污染物的贡献率及煤烟型大气污染物的现状污染水平 ;确定了燃煤污染物对人群健康危害的影响程度。结果表明 ,重度污染区成人发生呼吸系统症状和阻塞性肺部疾病的危险性分别是相对清洁区的 1 7倍和 1 5倍 ;Ln(PM1 0 )每升高一个单位 ,小学生呼吸系统大、小气道通气量分别降低 1 94ml和 1 72ml;Ln(SO2 )升高一个单位 ,小学生呼吸系统大、小气道通气量分别降低 69ml和 1 1 9ml;重度污染区小学生非特异免疫指标和体液免疫指标均明显低于相对清洁区更多还原

【Abstract】 To develop the mathematics model of exposure to coal burning pollution;To confirm the exposure level of coal burning pollutants by source analysis of atmospheric particulates;To establish the quantilification technology and methods of human health impact. Combinating the methods of epidemiology, environmental chemistry and contaminated aerography. We obtained the data of human historical expose to PM 10 , PM 2.5 , and Bap etc. that can’t be obtained from the general inspect and the contribution rate of coal burning as well as the status of coal burning air pollutants. Confirming the degree of human health impact due to coal burning pollutants, which included:The occurrence risk of respiratory symptoms and COPD of adults in heavily polluted area was 1 7 and 1 5 times of that of relatively clean area respectively; FVC and FEF 50 of pupils decreased 194ml and 172ml respectively with the increasing of every unit of the Ln(PM 10 ). FVC and FEF 50 of pupils decreased 69ml and 119ml respectively with the increase of every unit of the Ln(SO 2). Both the indices of nonspecific and humoral immunity of pupils in heavily and medium polluted areas were worse than those in relatively clean area.更多还原