【摘要】 常规叠后地震道反演技术 ,受多种因素的影响。在实用中 ,很难获得准确的结果。从地震道反演的主要技术环节来看 ,造成地震道反演错误或解释陷井的原因主要集中在噪声、假设条件、子波提取、时深转换、低频分量、约束条件等方面。PatrickConnolly提出的弹性阻抗 (elasticimpedance)的思想 ,改进了反射系数垂直入射假设的错误 ,巧妙地将AVO问题与地震道反演相结合 ,将地震道反演技术向前推进了一步。在此基础上建立的适合常规叠后资料的、非零炮检距纵波资料的广义弹性阻抗 (generalizedelasticimpedance)模型不仅包含波阻抗 ,还包含了纵横波速度等岩性信息。进一步发展纵波与转换波弹性阻抗的联合反演 ,能更准确地获得纵横波速度信息 ,还能获得流体饱和度及渗透特性的信息 ,是地震反演发展的最新方向更多还原

【Abstract】 Routine post-stack seismic trace inversion techniques are affected by many factors. It is difficult to gain satisfied results in practice. Possible reasons of causing wrong inversion results and interpretation pitfalls were analyzed in terms of main technique details of seismic trace inversion, chiefly concentrating on the aspects of noise, assumed conditions, w(t) extraction, transition of time and depth, low frequency component and restrained conditions etc. The concept of Elastic Impedance put forward by Patric Connolly has improved the reflectivity of normal incidence assumption which combines AVO problems and seismic trace inversion method in a skillful way so as to promote the seismic trace inversion method. Moreover, a model of Generalized Elastic Impedance established on this base suiting the routine post-stack, non-zero offset seismic data was put forward by us. Generalized Elastic Impedance which does not only include acoustic impedance but also include lithologic information of P and S-wave velocity. More accurate P and S-wave velocity and fluid, saturation, penetration information can be got by making a further study on joint P-wave and P-SV elastic impedance inversion. This is the new trend for seismic trace inversion.更多还原