【摘要】 以石油渣油为原料 ,通过在 2 2 0℃空气氧化 30 0～ 72 0min和在 310℃氮气热缩聚 130～370min制备了一系列具有相近软化点的石油沥青。通过NMR、FT IR、元素分析、软化点测定、偏光光学分析、热重和族组成分析等进行原料与石油沥青的化学结构分析。在 1.6MPa、480℃下将石油沥青进行焦化 ,考察了焦产率和光学组织结构变化情况。结果表明 ,空气氧化和氮气热缩聚可提高石油沥青的软化点、焦产率和正庚烷不溶物含量。与氮气热缩聚沥青相比 ,相近软化点的空气氧化沥青具有较高的H/C原子比和O/C原子比。空气氧化石油渣油在提高焦产率方面更有效。空气氧化和氮气热缩聚方法得到的沥青成焦后均生成各向异性广域光学结构更多还原

【Abstract】 Asphalts having similar softening points were prepared from petroleum residues by air blowing at 220℃ for 300-720min and thermal polycondensation in the presence of nitrogen at 310℃ for 130-370min respectively. The chemical structures of the petroleum residues and the prepared asphalts were characterized by NMR, FT IR, polarizing microscope, softening point determination, and thermal gravity, elenment and group analyzes. The prepared asphalts were carbonized at 480℃ under 1.6Mpa for investigating their coke yields and the changes of their optical textures. The results showed that both methods of air blowing and thermal polycondensation in the presence of nitrogen raised the asphalt softening points, and increased coke yields and heptane insolubles. In comparison with the latter method at similar softening points, the former possessed higher H/C ratios and heptane insolubles. The optical textures of cokes obtained by cabonization of the asphalts prepared by both methods showed domains.更多还原