【摘要】 甜菜碱是一种非毒性的渗透调节剂。多种高等植物在盐碱或缺水的环境下在细胞中积累甜菜碱 ,以维持细胞的正常膨压。甜菜碱的积累使得许多代谢中的重要酶类在渗透胁迫下能保持活性。在植物中甜菜碱由胆碱经两步氧化得到 ,催化第一步反应的酶是胆碱单加氧酶 (CMO) ,催化第二步反应的酶是甜菜碱醛脱氢酶 (BADH)。本文综述了这两种酶的分子生物学及基因工程研究的最新进展 ,讨论了其基因工程研究的意义更多还原

【Abstract】 Betaine is a kind of non-toxic osmoprotectants. Many higher plants accumulate betaine in response to osmotic stress resulting from salinity or drought to keep the normal inflated pressure of cell. Betaine may also protect many enzymes of metabolism under osmotic stress. In plants, it is synthesized by a two-step oxidation of choline. The first step is catalyzed by choline monooxygenase (CMO), the second by betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH). This paper reviews the research progress of the two enzymes related to molecular biology and gene engineering, and discusses the meaning of their gene engineering research. ;更多还原