【摘要】 对城市污泥好氧堆肥稳定化过程的温热条件进行了探讨 ,将物候学中的积温概念应用于堆肥稳定化 (腐熟 )过程。它同时兼顾到堆肥过程中的温度强度和持续时间两个参数。对于采用的强制通风静态垛堆肥工艺 ( CTB自动控制堆肥工艺 ) ,建议以 1 5℃作为生物学零度 ,积温指标为 1 0 0 0 0℃· h左右。堆肥原料的性质、堆肥工艺、微生物种群、生物学零度、外界环境等因素可能会对积温产生一定影响更多还原

【Abstract】 Accumulated temperature is an important index of the required heat condition during the growth of plant. The accumulated value of daily temperature during the growing period is relatively steady. Like the growing process of plant, the heat condition is also important for the composting process. The two aims of composting process, eliminating pathogen and stabilizing organic matter, all relates to the heat condition. It is necessary to keep the composting process during the moderate temperature for a period of time to complete the stabilizing process.The species and activity of microorganisms are very important to the stabilizing process. The chemical reaction increases one time more when the temperature increases 10℃ during the range in which is suitable for microorganisms growth. The high-temperature-short-period reaction and the low-temperature-long-period reaction achieve the approximately stabilizing effect. So the determinate temperature and the duration during the temperature are all required for the stabilizing process. The study was carried out to investigate the accumulated temperature during the stabilizing process.All experimented composting piles were placed in a building in two 1.6m×1.0m bays with cement floors and walls. Aeration boards were laid on the bottom of the bays. The piles contained sewage sludge (moisture=83%~85%,volatile solid=49%~58%,C/N=5~16,pH=6.5~8.5), recycled compost and bulking agent with six proportions. A bulking agent layer on the aeration boards dispersed air through the 1.0 m high mix layer. All piles were covered with a 20 cm insulating layer of recycled compost. Each bay had a aerator to supply air. Sensors were inserted into the geometrical centers of piles to detect the pile temperatures, and the detected values were fed back to the computerized control system. A three-stage control algorithm controlled the damper duty cycle of aerators. The control software logged temperatures every 15 minutes and generated reports. When the composting process was during the temperature-decreasing period, the composting maturity was detected every day. When the compost process had completed, the composting time was logged and the index of accumulated temperature was calculated. The result indicated that a complete composting process was composed of four periods: temperature slowly increasing period, temperature fast increasing period, high temperature period and temperature decreasing period. The temperature developing trends of different treatments, as well as the durations of composting processes, were not complete similar. The composting duration was short when the composting temperature was higher; on the other hand, the composting duration was long when the composting temperature was lower. The required heat conditions of different treatments were similar when the stabilizing process nearly finished.The indicator of accumulated temperature required for the stabilizing process were calculated using 10℃, 15℃ and 20℃ as the biology zeros, respectively. The statistics of the variance were smaller when using 15℃ as the biology zero, so it was appropriate to use the value as the biology zero and its index of accumulated temperature was about 10000℃·h.The factors influencing accumulated temperature included the properties of composting materials, composting technics, the biology zero of microorganism and the environment conditions.The index could be used to define the heat condition required during the composting process and provide the science basis to improve the composting technics. The index could also be used to define the maturity of compost and predict the composting process.The concept of accumulated temperature in phenology was introduced to composting science to quantitatively analyze the heat condition during the stabilizing process and which included the temperature intensity and the duration. It was verified that the accumulated temperature could be used to predict the stabilizing process of sewage sludge composting. The result should be tested in composting of other organic w更多还原