【摘要】 利用POM模式对南海环流进行了数值模拟和数值试验 ,结果表明 :南海北部SSH的变化主要应归于南海局地的动力、热力强迫和黑潮的影响 ;黑潮对南海北部SSH平均态的影响要大于对SSH异常场的影响 ;对于南海北部深水区冬季局地风应力与浮力通量的作用相反量级相同 ,黑潮对南海北部SSH的控制作用在冬季显得最重要 ,约占 50 %～ 80 % ;春季 ,夏季和秋季 ,局地风应力、浮力通量和黑潮三者都使深水区SSH上升 ,局地风应力使深水海盆SSH上升的作用约占 4 0 %～ 6 0 % ,浮力通量的作用约占 2 0 % ,黑潮的影响约占 2 0 %～ 30 % .在夏季 ,尽管南海北部深水海盆SSH达到全年最高 ,但黑潮对南海北部深水海盆SSH的贡献最小 .在广东沿岸陆架海域 ,SSH季节变化的机制与深水海盆SSH季节变化的机制不同 :春、夏季 ,局地风应力使SSH上升的作用几乎与浮力通量使SSH下降的作用相当 ;秋、冬季 ,东北季风使SSH上升的作用大于浮力通量和黑潮使SSH下降的作用 ,陆架区SSH为正 ,且在海南岛附近达到最大值更多还原

【Abstract】 The numerical simulation and experiments about the circulation in the South China Sea (SCS) have been done using the POM model. The results show that: the sea surface height (SSH) variability in the north of the SCS is mainly due to the local dynamical, thermal forcing and Kuroshio’s effect; the Kuroshio’s effect on annual average of the SSH is larger than that on SSH seasonal anomaly in the north of 18°N; SSH is positive in deep water region of the north of 18°N throughout the year; in winter, in deeper water area the effect of local wind stress and buoyancy flux is opposite effect on the SSH but the same in value; because the effect of local wind stress and buoyancy on the SSH is opposite, Kuroshio’s effect on the northern SCS is the most important in winter, which is about 50%～80% of the total effect on SSH in the north of 18°N. In spring, summer and autumn, the local wind stress, buoyancy flux and Kuroshio’s effect are all useful to increase SSH: The local wind stress’s contribution to increase SSH in the deep region is 40%～60%, the buoyancy’s contribution is about 20%, while the contribution of Kuroshio is 20%～30%. In summer, the SSH in the northern SCS is the highest in the year, but the contribution of Kuroshio to SSH is the smallest. In the coast of Guangdong Province, in spring and summer, the contribution of local wind stress to increase SSH is almost the same as that of buoyancy to decrease SSH in the north of 18°N. The SSH along coast is a little lower than zero due to the Kuroshio’s effect. In autumn and winter, the contribution of wind stress to increase SSH is larger than that of buoyancy flux and Kuroshio’s effect to decrease SSH. So the SSH is positive along the coast of Guangdong. The maximum of SSH appears around Hainan Island.更多还原