【摘要】 “修辞学”的全称是“小说修辞学”或“叙事修辞学”。它一方面继承了从柏拉图的《共和国》到韦恩·布斯的《小说修辞学》中的有关叙事的传统理论;另一方面又大量吸取了俄国形式主义、英美新批评,尤其是法国结构主义文论中有关叙事的新成果。修辞学关注的焦点在于一系列依据自然时间顺序的事件是如何被叙述组织成一个完整统一的话语结构,其中包括了视点、人称、时间、节奏、结构、隐含作者和叙述者等众多具体问题的讨论。与传统的文学理论相比较,它有两个显著特点:一是理论前提设置的抽象化,二是其研究对象的本体化。更多还原

【Abstract】 The rhetoric" is a short term for "the rhetoric of fiction" or "the rhetoric of narrative" . It’s a com-bination of traditional theory on narrative skills developed from Plato’s The Republic to Wayne C. Booth’ s Rhetoric of Fiction and the up - to - date research results from the study of Russian Formalism, British and American New Criticism, and above all French Structuralism. The rhetoric focuses on how narrative organizes the chronological events into a whole discoursive which includes such specific factors as perspective, temps, rhythm, structure, implied writer, and narrator, etc. Compared with the traditional literary theories, it is remarkably characterized as the abstraction of the theoretical premise location and the ontol-ogization of the research objects.更多还原