【摘要】 本文在1980年到1994年的700个国有企业样本数据的基础上,采用数据包络法和 Malmquist 指数法,以生产率的增长为指标,考察了国有企业的生产绩效。与样本企业中的最佳实践企业相比,我们的经验研究结果表明,这些样本企业的技术效率普遍较低。尽管生产率增长引人注目,但这一增长主要是通过技术进步而不是通过提高技术效率。进一步的回归分析结果表明,大型国企生产率增长的概率明显高于小型企业。最佳实践企业存在于沿海省份的大型国企当中的概率也比较高。工资激励和职工学历对于生产率的增长有显著的促进作用,企业开工率通过影响技术效率可在短期内影响生产率的增长。更多还原

【Abstract】 This study,based on samples of about 700 state enterprises during 1980-94,investigates productivity performance of the SOEs using Data Envelopment Analysis and Malmquist Index.Our empirical results showed that average technical ef- ficiency had been low among the sample SOEs.Considerable productivity growth was found,but it was mainly accomplished through technical progress rather than efficiency improvement.Regression analyses indicate that wage incentives and education had pos- itive impacts on productivity growth,while large scale was an important determinant of whether an SOE was applying best practice technology.It is also shown that large SOEs were more likely to generate productivity growth.These findings are consistent with the industrial structural adjustment program initiated by the government in 1994,which has focused on improving productive efficiency via redundancies and technology upgrading, and on building its best SOEs into conglomerates.更多还原