【摘要】 有机岩石学是一门实用性很强的新兴边缘学科 ,着重研究沉积有机质的成因、产状、组成、结构和演化等内容 ,目前已发展成为油气勘探评价中的常规分析和研究手段。结合近年来研究工作所取得的成果 ,简要综述了有机岩石学在研究烃源岩显微组分成因与分类、有机质热演化、有机质类型、有机质丰度、生烃组分和成烃作用、烃类排出、运移和聚集等方面的应用进展 ,充分展示了有机岩石学在油气勘探评价中良好的应用价值。讨论了烃源岩显微组分分类、有机质成熟度确定、生烃排烃作用、烃源岩生烃潜力定量评价等方面存在的问题。提出了有机岩石学在今后油气勘探评价中的主要发展趋势和应用方向。更多还原

【Abstract】 Organic petrology is mainly used to study the origin, occurrence,composition, structure and evolution of sedimentary organic matter, which is a new and marginal science that is quite practicable It now becomes a routine analytical and research tool widely used in oil and gas exploration and assessment In combination with the research result of recent years, the advancement in organic petrological study of the origin and classification of macerals, thermal evolution of the organic matter, types and abundance of the organic matter, hydrocarbon genesis component and hydrocarbon generation, expulsion, migration and accumulation of hydrocarbon in source rocks is briefly described ,which presents a good application value of organic petrology in oil and gas exploration and evaluation Some problems related to the classification of the macerals in source rocks, the determination of the organic matter maturity, the role of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion , the quantitative evaluation of hydrocarbon generation potential in source rocks are also discussed The main development tendency and application of the organic petrology in oil and gas exploration and evaluation are proposed更多还原