【摘要】 传统观点认为哺乳动物中枢神经系统的再生仅限于胚胎时期和出生后早期 ,这意味着成年动物脑和脊髓内的神经细胞只能逐渐减少而不能被更新或替代。然而 ,中枢神经系统细胞再生现象及具有增殖能力的神经干细胞(Neuralstemcell,NSC)的发现向这一理论提出了挑战。神经干细胞具有较强的增殖能力 ,并能分化为神经元 ,星形胶质细胞和少突胶质细胞 ,因此可用来修复损伤的神经系统。近几年来 ,移植神经干细胞治疗帕金森病、亨廷顿病、脊髓损伤、缺血性中风、老年性痴呆等神经系统疾病成为医学界的研究热点之一 ,并取得了一定进展更多还原

【Abstract】 For a long time it was believed that neurogenesis in the mammalian central nervous system was restricted to the embryonic and early postnatal period. It means that neural cells could not be replaced and refreshed in mature brain. It was challenged since the neurogenesis and neural stem cell (NSC) were found in brains of mature mice and primates. Neural stem cell is capable of self renewal and generating new neural cell, including neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, so it could be used to replace the neural cells or repair the nervous system.It had become a focus to transplant neural stem cell to treat neurodegenerative disease,such as Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, spina1 injury, ischemic stroke and to improve cognitive function. It provids a hopeful method for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.更多还原