【摘要】 本文探讨了硼氟酸 (HBF4 )用于污染不锈钢去污的可行性。不锈钢 (1Cr1 8Ni9Ti)试片在沸腾浓硝酸中形成一层氧化物后作为模拟污染物 ,进行了HBF4 去除这层氧化物、溶解试片本身及不锈钢焊缝的有关试验 ,并用分别被天然铀和2 30 Th污染的不锈钢管道实际样品进行了去污试验。试验结果表明 ,HBF4 去污液能较好地溶解不锈钢及其焊缝、氧化物 ;对不锈钢的溶解容量较大 ,可达 5g/L ,即 1L去污液可将 0 .1 3m2 不锈钢溶解掉 5 μm。去污液对2 30 Th污染的实际样品 ,在去污 3 0min后去污率即达 85 %以上 ;对天然铀污染的实际样品 ,在去污 2h后去污率达 87%以上 ;这两种样品经多次去污后均接近本底水平更多还原

【Abstract】 Decontamination experiments were carried out with HBF 4 solution on the following four kinds of sample: 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel with and without welding line, 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel with oxide layer formed in boiling concentrated nitric acid solution, natural uranium and 230 Th contaminated stainless steel pipe sample from one decommissioning nuclear facility. The results indicated that the oxide layer, the welding line of the 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel and itself can be dissolved in the HBF 4 decontamination solution. The solubility of the 1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel in the HBF 4 solution used in the test is more than 5 g/L, which means that the 0.13 m 2 stainless steel could be dissolved up to a thickness of 5 μm in one liter of decontamination solution. The decontamination efficiency is more than 85% in 30 minutes for the 230 Th contaminated sample,and 87% in 2 hours for the natural uranium contaminated sample. Both samples could be decontaminated to the background level after several runs of the decontamination. (更多还原