【摘要】 通过形态学特征观察与随机扩增多态DNA( RAPD)技术 ,对国内外 8株片形吸虫( Fasciola)作比较鉴别。形态典型的 6株肝片形吸虫 ( F.hepatica)和 1株大片形吸虫 ( F.gigantica )两种方法结果相符。南京的 1株不典型虫种 ( F.sp) ,其形态特征类似日本中间种 /印度片形吸虫 ( F.indica ) ,RAPD检测则与大片形吸虫聚类 ,差异仅 0 .2 55,亲缘于大片形吸虫 ,是一株形态不典型的大片形吸虫。比较表明 ,形态学方法能简单易行正确地判定典型片形吸虫 ,但难以识别中间种或亲缘种 ;RAPD技术则从分子遗传变异水平上鉴别虫种 ,有利于对中间种或亲缘种的识别及新种的发现 ,两者具有相互不可替代的相辅相成作用更多还原

【Abstract】 Eight isolates of Fasciola were differentiated by morphological observations and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) assay respectively. The RAPD results coincided with the ones by morphological distinctions for the six isolates of F.hepatica and one isolate of F.gigantica, both of which possessed typical morphologies. One isolate of F.sp from Nanjing, seeming to Japanese Fasciola (intermediate species) / F.indica in morphologies, was related to F.gigantica according to the 0.255 difference of similarity obtained from RAPD assay, and it was a nontypical strain of F.gigantica. It is easy and exact for morphological observation to identify typical species in Fasciola, but difficult to nontypical ones such as intermediate species or relational species. It is at the molecular level that RAPD differentiate species,so it will distinguish intermediate species or relational species, and even new species. Obviously, both of them are useful for the identification of species and can complement each other.更多还原