【摘要】 我国是镉镍电池的生产和使用大国 ,每年产生大量的废旧镉镍电池。其中含有的大量有价金属元素 ,如能进行再生利用 ,不但节约了有限的资源 ,而且避免了对环境的污染。为此在实验室条件下 ,对镉镍电池的真空蒸馏基本规律和机理进行了探索 ,重点研究了镉的气化和冷凝规律 ,并从理论上解释了真空蒸馏实现镉镍分离的机理。实验结果表明 :利用真空蒸馏可以较好地实现镉镍电池的各组分分离 ,得到纯度很高的金属镉 (99.65 % ) ;有效的镉蒸馏温度应在 5 73～ 1173K间选取 ;在系统压力为 3Pa时 ,随着蒸馏温度的升高 ,回收到冷凝物中的镉元素的百分含量呈降低趋势。该研究为废旧镉镍电池资源化提供了理论依据和实验数据更多还原

【Abstract】 The fundamental principle and mechanism of vacuum distillation for Ni Cd battery, especially the regulation of aerification and condensation for Cd, were researched at laboratorial condition. The mechanism of separating Ni and Cd by vacuum distillation was also explained from the point of view of theory. The experimental results show that the compositions in Ni Cd battery can be separated preferably and the metal Cd with high purity(99.65%)is obtained by means of vacuum distillation. The effective distilling temperature for Cd should be selected within 573～1 173 K. When the system pressure is 3 Pa, the Cd content in the recycled condensate is decreasing with the increasing of distilling temperature. The research provides theoretical basis and experimental data for the recycling of waste Ni Cd battery.更多还原