【摘要】 报道了 2丙烯酰胺基 2甲基丙膦酸的合成方法 ,并制备了这一含磷阻垢剂单体 .合成路线以五氯化磷出发 ,在甲苯溶剂中吸收异丁烯后 ,改进采用二氧化硫脱氯 ,得到膦酰二氯异构混合物 (产率 83.3% ) ;膦酰二氯异构混合物经室温水解 ,得到水解混合物 (产率 99% ) ;后者再与丙烯腈水在浓硫酸催化下发生加成反应 ,制得 2 -丙烯酰胺基 - 2 -甲基丙膦酸这一含磷阻垢剂单体 (产率 72 % ) .研究比较了不同溶剂、脱氯剂、温度、时间、加成反应中的投料比等对相应产物的影响 ,并探讨了加成反应的机理 .优化结果表明采用二氧化硫脱氯剂的改进路线 ,可成功制得 2 -丙烯酰胺基 - 2 -甲基丙膦酸 ,总产率 5 9% ,优于其他文献报道结果 .更多还原

【Abstract】 A phosphorus containing monomer used for scale inhibitor synthesis was reported and 2 acrylamido 2 methylpropanephosphonic acid was prepared accordingly in this paper. Phosphorus pentachloride suspended in toluene as a starting material was treated with isobutene, subsequently was dechlorized by the introduction of sulfur dioxide to produce dichloride isomers with yield 83.3%; the dichloride isomers were easily hydrolyzed to give 99% yield of corresponding hydrolysates; the latter,together with acrylonitrile and water reacted in the presence of sulphuric acid (98%) catalysis to form the target 2 acrylamido 2 methylpropanephosphonic acid in 72% yield. Different solvents, dechlorization agents, temperature, time, reactant ratio as well as their effects on relevant yields were investigated; meanwhile the addition mechanism was discussed. The optimized results indicated that the modified synthesis by employing dechlorization agent of sulfur dioxide gave a better overall yield 59% than those reported previously.更多还原