【摘要】 粮食安全是事关国家和地区社会稳定的重大问题。粮食安全不仅涉及粮食的数量 ,而且涉及粮食的质量 ,此外 ,粮食生产不应对环境造成负面影响。首先论述了研究粮食安全问题应遵循的原则 ,即系统原则 ,市场原则 ,高效和合理利用原则 ,宏观调控原则 ,以及层次性原则。然后 ,在简要回顾建国后江苏省粮食生产的历史之后 ,详细分析了近年来江苏省在粮食安全方面存在的主要问题 ,如粮食作物播种面积和总产量逐年减少 ;耕作粗放和农田环境污染问题日趋严重 ;农业生产结构调整面临挑战。为确保实现江苏省粮食安全的目标 ,要以“两种资源、两个市场”思想为指导 ,立足国内、省内 ,处理好各方面的关系 ;树立产业结构多元化思路 ,建立新型的农业产业体系 ;加强宏观调控力度 ,改善农业生产的软环境 ;大力发展特色农业和定单农业 ,提高农产品的市场竞争力和抵御国内外市场风险的能力 ;大力发展农业科技 ,为粮食生产在数量和质量上上新台阶提供支撑。更多还原

【Abstract】 Grain security is a very important issue which has a close relation with the social stableness of both a country and a region.Grain security refers to not only grain quantity, but also its quality. Besides, it should be included in the meaning of grain security that grain production will not bring the negative impacts to the environment. In this paper, firstly, the principles used in the study of grain security are pointed out by the authors. These principles include 1) system principle; 2) market principle; 3) high efficient and reasonable usage principle; 4) macroscopic regulation principle; and 5) level-differentiation principle. Moreover, after the history of grain production of Jiangsu Province since 1949 was briefly reviewed the major problems of grain security of the province in recent years are discussed in detail. Among these problems the most important are the increasingly decrease of late years in both sown area and total yield of grain crops, extensive cultivation and increasingly serious environmental pollution of farmland, and the reorganization of agricultural production structure in a difficult position. Finally, the following countermeasures to promote realization of grain security of Jinagsu Province are being suggested by the authors: 1) While following the idea of " Two kinds of resources and two kinds of markets" the foothold of realizing grain security in China and the province itself and the relations in connecting to grain security should more properly handled; 2) While keeping the idea of diversified development of agricultural industries a new type of agricultural industly system has to be established; 3) The macroscopic regulation from the administrative authorities should be more enhanced and the ’soft environment’ of agricultural production has to be further improved; 4) The cultivation for peculiar and foreign currency-earned agricultural products should be more developed as can as possible in order to increase their market competitiveness and the capability to against market risk from abroad and home country: and 5) In order to provide a powerful support for leading up to a new stage of the grain production of the province the agricultural science and technologies have to be further greatly developed.更多还原