【摘要】 198 6～ 1 998年 ,在安徽省南陵县对扬子鳄种群资源及分布区栖息地状况进行了 4次调查 ,1 999年对该县扬子鳄部分栖息地的质量做了研究。结果显示 ,南陵县扬子鳄野生种群目前只 30头左右 ,每 4年平均递减率约 38% ,分布于 6个镇 ,7个行政村中 ,75 %的栖息地已经消失。其中东河、三里、石铺三镇生活有全县 80 %的扬子鳄 ,而石铺镇扬子鳄密度最大。引起扬子鳄种群数量下降的主要原因是栖息地破坏 ,同时对鳄的捕杀、污染、天灾也是重要因素。其野外栖息地主要为两种类型 ,农耕区普通池塘和丘陵山地的山塘、水库。耕作区食物、栖息条件较好 ,人鳄矛盾较小的局部水域依然是扬子鳄最佳选择 ,但这类水域农药化肥污染已构成对扬子鳄的潜在威胁。更多还原

【Abstract】 Four surveys on Chinese alligator population and habitat were made in Nanling County, Anhui Province from 1986 to 1998. Spotlight and questionnaire methods were used for those surveys. Habitat quality evaluation was conducted for part of the availuable habitat in the County in 1999. The results showed that Chinese alligator population size has declined from 193 to 32 individuals in the period of 1986 to 1998 in Nanling County. The average decreasing rate of the Chinese alligator population was about 38% in every four years during 12 years. Chinese alligators were recorded at 7 villages in the 6 townships in 1998. About 3/4 of Chinese alligator’s habitats disappeared from 1986 to 1998.And about 80% of the alligators were presented in three townships, Donghe,Shipu and Sanli. Among the three towns, the Shipu owns the highest density (from 21.6 to 50.6 ind/hm 2). The important factors contributing to the alligator population decline are the habitat loss, hunting, pollution and disasters (Drought and flood). One of two typies of habitats identified in Nanling County, is pools in cultivated areas, the other is the ponds and reservoirs in lowland surrounded by hills. The pools of the cultivated areas with good food resource could be good habitats for alligators, but those habitats are potentially threatened by the pollution of pesticides.更多还原