【摘要】 在广泛搜集有关分布资料、对我国鸟类特有种的地理分布情况进行系统整理并建立数据库的基础上 ,运用GIS (地理信息系统 )技术处理物种分布数据 ,研究了中国鸟类特有种的多样性及其分布格局。我们分析了我国现有鸟类特有种计 10 0种 ,隶属于 5 3属、 16科、 7目 ,约占我国现有鸟类总种数的 8%。我国鸟类特有种在水平分布上具有不均匀的特点 ,有 3个分布中心 ,即 :横断山中心、川北、秦岭及陇南山地中心和台湾岛屿中心。在垂直分布上则主要分布于从 180 0m到 340 0m的中、高海拔地区。更多还原

【Abstract】 The diversity and distribution patterns of endemic bird species in China were analysed with GIS software using a database of specimen collections and published references. There are 100 endemic bird species in China, belonging to 53 genera, 16 families and 7 orders, accounting for 8% of Chinas avifauna. Nine endemic genera are currently recognized including Tetraophasis, Chrysolophus, Crossoptilon, Ithaginis, Pseudopodoces, Rhopophilus, Kozlowia, Urocynchramus and Latoucheornis. The 2 dimensional distribution pattern shows that 61 species are found in Sichuan Province, 45 species in Gansu Province, 41 species in Yunnan Province and 36 species in Tibet, with much fewer species in other provinces and only 3 species in Jilin Prov. In terms of recognised zoo geographical subregions, 68 species are distributed in the “South West Mountainous Subregion”, 58 species in the “Western Mountainous Plateau Subregion” and 56 species in the “Qinghai Zangnan Subregion” with much fewer species in other Subregions, and only 3 species in the “Tianshan Hilly Subregion” and 1 species in the “Daxingan Mt. Subregion”. Three centers of endemism were identified by overlapping distribution maps, namely the “Hengduanshan Mountain areas”, “Mountain areas in north Sichuan Province and Qinling as well as south Gansu Province”, and “Taiwan Island”. These mainly are comprised of three habitat types: “High Mountain and Plateau”, “Himalayan Hengduanshan Mt.” and “Island”. The distribution patterns also show that most (45) endemic species are vertically distributed in areas of mid to high elevation ranging from 1 800m to 3 400 m. From 100 m to 1 800 m, species diversity increases with altitude, while from range 2 900 m to 5 500 m, the opposite occurs.更多还原