【摘要】 通过山东五莲玉米盆栽试验 ,研究作物对土壤中铅的吸收效应 ,探讨环境土壤重金属元素对作物和人类健康的影响。玉米盆栽试验表明 ,当土壤中加入不同比例的铅时 (0～ 4 0 0 0 mg/ kg) ,基本没有观察到铅对玉米的毒害病症 ,铅对作物的生长发育没有明显的宏观影响。但微区调查揭示 ,玉米对土壤中的铅具有强烈的吸收性 ,并可残留在作物的各个部位 ,且吸收量随土壤中铅添加量的增加而提高 ;其中根系的吸收性最强 ,是秸杆、籽实的几十至几千倍 ,表明作物根系为秸杆、籽实对铅的吸收提供了良好的屏障。不同铅化合物对作物吸收铅的影响不尽相同 ,用 Pb(NO3 ) 2 处理的铅吸收量比用 Pb Cl2 处理的明显偏高 ,特别是当土壤中铅添加量较高时 ,该特征更为显著 ;而用 Pb Cl2 处理的作物 ,当铅添加量达到一定程度后 ,除根系外 ,作物对铅的吸收趋于饱和。运用根系对土壤中铅的特殊吸收性 ,可以在铅污染的土壤区通过自然作物栽培 ,并将作物根系从土壤中清除 ,来逐渐达到环境土壤修复的目的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The present paper is aimed at testing and investigating the pot-growing corns to find the influence of some heavy metal content on the soil. The author’s investigation indicates that such crops did not show any macro-toxic signs in the presence of some observed Pb-added content (0~4 000 mg/kg) to the soil. On the contrary, lead in the soil can easily be absorbed by the crops and spread over in their different parts. Statistical analyses prove that the Pb content of the crops is strongly positive to their counterparts of the soil. In crops, the Pb content in the roots can be the highest, from tens to thousands of times higher than that in the stems, leaves and seeds. Thus it can be suggested that the roots might be the barriers to the Pb absorption by the stems, leaves as well as the seeds. Based on the root’s strong adsorption to lead, the Pb in heavy metal polluted soil can be gradually decreased by planting crops and subsequently removing the roots in soil. This biotechnology can be used in environmental amelioration and remediation to benefit both a sustainable agricultural economy and a healthy, environment-friendly ecological system.更多还原