【摘要】 若尔盖高原沼泽土、泥炭土已遭到人类活动的强烈干扰 ,土壤退化十分严重 ,主要表现为 :沼泽土、泥炭土向草甸土、风沙土退化演替 ;土壤肥力下降 ,尤为有机质、全氮、全磷含量下降最为明显。在弱干扰情况下 ,土壤速效氮、速效磷略有增加 ,速效钾含量下降 ;在强干扰情况下 ,全氮、全磷、速效氮、速效磷、速效钾含量均下降 ,全钾含量上升 ;泥炭腐殖酸含量减少 ,分解度增大 ,土壤 pH值增加 ,含水量下降。人类疏干沼泽、过度放牧等活动是沼泽土和泥炭土退化、质量下降的主要原因。更多还原

【Abstract】 Proved the deterioraton and quality decline of mire and pea t soils were caused by human activities in the Zoige Plateau according to data o btained from field survey and chemical analysis of soils. Human induced serious damage of soil environment is mainly reflected in the following aspects: success ive degeneration process of mire and peat soils occurred from mire soil or peat soil to meadow soil or aeolian sandy soil; marked drop of soil fertility, espect ially the contents of organic matter, total nitrogen (N) and total phosphorus (P ). Under weak disturbance of human activities, the rapid available contents of N and P increase slightly, and the rapid available potassium (K) content decrease s. Under situation of strong disturbance of human activities, the total contents of N and P as well as rapid available contents of N, P and K reduce, but the to tal K increases. Following the human disturbances, content of humid acid of peat content decreases, and the decomposition rate of peat and pH of surface soil i ncrease obviously. Soil water drainage and excessive grazing in pastureland of m ire and peat soils are accountable for the deterioration and quality decline of mire and peat soils.更多还原