【摘要】 采用５４个玉米 ＲＦＬＰ探针和３种限制性内切酶（ＢａｍＨ、ＥｃｏＲ、Ｈｉｎｄ Ⅲ），共计１４５个探针／酶组合，检测了在我国南方玉米区广泛利用的４１份自交系和代表美国主要玉米杂种优势群的４份美国自交系的ＲＦＬＰ多态性。研究结果表明：在供试的４５份材料间存在较丰富的ＲＦＬＰ多态性。根据ＲＦＬＰ标记遗传相似性的资料，通过聚类分析可将供试材料划分为６大类群：热带种质类群、Ｍｏ１７类群、ＦＲＢ７３类群、地方类群Ⅰ、地方类群Ⅱ和３３０或Ｏｈ４３类群。供试自交系系谱关系的资料和所组配杂交组合的信息支持了该研究的分类结果，说明利用ＲＦＬＰ分子标记研究杂种优势群是可行的。该研究的结果从分子水平明确了地方玉米种质在我国玉米杂种优势利用中的重要地位，同时证明来自美国玉米带的Ｍｏ１７类群、ＦＲＢ７３类群和Ｏｈ４３类群对于我国玉米杂种优势的利用起了重要的作用。该研究还将在我国杂种优势利用中起重要作用的优良玉米自交系一自３３０和丹３４０归为一类，而这一类群和美国玉米自交系 Ｏｈ４３可能是同类的。更多还原

【Abstract】 The classification of heterotic groups is essential to maize breeding because knowledge of heterotic groups can direct combination of outstanding hybrids and improvement of elite inbred lines. RFLP has provided a powerful tool to assign maize inbred lines into heterotic groups. In this study, 45 inbred lines were chosen for RFLP analysis, among which 41 lines were parent lines of widely extensive hybrids in south and southwest China, and 4 lines came from American, representing different heterotic groups in U. S. corn belt. 54 RFLP core markers covering 10 chromosomes of maize were used. Total DNA was digested with EcoR Ⅰ , BamHⅠ and Hind Ⅲ. The procedure of RFLP was employed as described by a manual from maize RFLP lab at University of Missouri, Colombian. A total of 860 bands were detected among 45 inbred lines based on RFLP analysis, which were involved in 212 loci. A number of allele at each locus ranged from 2 to 9 with an average of 4. 06. In total, 45 inbred lines were classified into 6 heterotic groups according to RFLP data with Ward’s method. 3 heterotic groups, Mo17, FRB73 and Oh43, seemed to be the same to U. S. heterotic groups. 21 inbred lines, most of which derived from Chinese local germplasm, were classified into two heterotic groups, indicating local germplasm was different from U. S. germplasm at the molecular level and played an important role in maize hybrid production in China. Two inbred lines from tropic germplasm were assigned in the same group. These results provided useful information to understand maize germplasm in China.更多还原