【摘要】 能量不仅在数量上具有守恒性 ,而且在质量上具有品位性 .在教学中引进新的热力学参数———有效能 ,并首次提出了比有效能的概念与能量 3类 1 1级的科学分类 ,以描述能量品位的高低 ,阐明能量在转换与传递过程中的变化规律 ;指出任何自发过程中 ,有效能将自动地转变为无效能 .有助于了解能量的无形损失 ,全面反映用能过程中存在的问题 ;并有助于加深对热力学抽象概念的理解 ,进一步赋予热力学定律更加清晰的物理意义和现实意义 .更多还原

【Abstract】 The energy not only possesses conservation in qu antity,but also possesses grade in the quality. It was recommended a new thermo dynamics parameter:exergy in the teaching ,specific exergy and classifying of en ergy of science of 3 kinds of 11 level was put forward for the first time, the h eight of energy grade was described, the change law in conversion and transmissi on process of energy were expounded.In any spontaneous process, the exergy would change voluntarily to invalid energy. These points would contribute to underst anding energy due to the invisible loss, and reflecting the question that existe d in the utilization energy process completely.These points would also contribut e to deepening the understanding of thermodynamics abstract conception,more cle ar physics meaning and real meaning of thermodynamics law.更多还原