【摘要】 目的　探索学龄前儿童视力低常状况 ,及弱视患病率 ,为临床治疗提供依据。方法　对福州市 3～ 7岁 2 1 95 2名学龄前儿童进行视力普查 ,将单眼或双眼视力低于 1 0者 ,通知到门诊复查 ,将矫正视力 <0 9,定为弱视。结果　视力低常与年龄密切相关 ,患病率 1 4 35 % ,其中男 1 4 1 1 % ,女 1 4 5 8% ;弱视患病率 3 38% ,各年龄组弱视患病率差异无显著性 (P >0 0 5 ) ;视力低常者屈光不正分布 :远视 81 96 % ,近视 8 4 3% ,混合散光 9 6 1 % ,三者差异有显著性。结论　学龄前儿童年龄越小 ,视力低常率越高 ;各年龄组弱视患病率无差异 ;对 3～ 4岁儿童进行弱视诊断时应注意年龄因素更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To investigale subnormal visual acuity phenomena of preschool children and to understand the relations between morbidity of amblyopia and age of children so as to provide relevant information for clinic theraphy. Methods To screen the visual acuity for 21, 592 preschool children aged between 3～7 years and ask those with visual acuity under 1 0 for outpatient reexamination, the corrected visual acuity under 0 9 is regarded as amblyopia. Results There is a strong correlation between subnormal visual acuity and age of children. The subnormal rate accounts for 14 35%, male 14 11% and female 14 58%; the morbidity of amblyopia is 4 78% with no different significance (P>0 05) in each age group; The distribution of ametropia in subnormal visual acuity represents 81 96% of hyperopia, 8 43% of myopia and 9 61% of mixed astigmatism. In comparison with each other, there is different significance among the three growps. Conclusions The younger the preschool children, the higher the abnormal rate; there is no difference in morbidity of amblyopia; we should pay attention to the age factor when making an amblyopia diagnosis at the age of 3～4 years.更多还原