【摘要】 本研究根据新城疫病毒 （NDV）F基因编码区 1₃74位核苷酸序列计算其遗传距离并绘制了NDV的系统发育进化树 ,将 6 8株NDV分为 9个基因型 （30株为国内分离株 ） ,其中Ⅰ～Ⅵ是早已存在的老基因型 ,Ⅶ、Ⅷ、Ⅸ为新发现的基因型 ,特别是Ⅸ为我国特有的基因型 （F48E9、M3、HLJ₃、HeB₁P和NM₅ ）。 1997～ 1999年在我国云南、广西、甘肃、陕西、新疆等地分离的YN₁P、GX₃、H1、H2、P1、GX₁、GX₂、GS₂、GS₃、SHX₂、SHX₃、SHX₆、SHX₇、XJ₂和 1991年分离的HuB₁均属于Ⅶ基因型 ,该基因型的病毒是 90年代以来引起新城疫发生的主要病原。根据遗传距离和分离年代可将此基因型进一步划分为 5个基因亚型 ,分别是Ⅶa、Ⅶb、Ⅶc、Ⅶd和Ⅶe。此外HuN₁/ 98、HLJ₄/ 95和HeH₁P属一个老的基因Ⅵ ,1979～ 1985年分离自青海的QH₁、QH₂、QH₄属于一个新的基因型—Ⅷ型。可见在我国新城疫的流行是极其复杂的 ,既有老基因型的危险 （Ⅰ～Ⅵ ） ,又有新基因型 （Ⅶ ）的流行 ,更有我国独特Ⅷ和Ⅸ基因型潜伏。更多还原

【Abstract】 We calculate amino acid genetic distance in 1₃74bp of 68 Newcastle disease virus（NDV）isolates（30 isolates are from China）F protein coding region by Jotun Hein method,constructed the phylogenetic tree by the DNA star software.All analyzed NDV strains were divided into nine genotypes,and suggested that there is a novel genotype of NDV in China,which is phylogenetically distinct from all other genotypes defined so far.These strains circulated from 1940’s up to now,spanned about 50 years,and were found in China only.We denominated it group IX.Strains from pigeon belonged to group VI,whose prototype virus is a PPMV₁ from pigeon early;maybe this type has some host specificity.NDV strains YN₁P,GX₃,H1,H2,P1,GX₁,GX₂,GS₂,GS₃,SHX₂,SHX₃,SHX₆,SHX₇,XJ₂,and HuB₁ isolated in 1991～1999 are classified into group Ⅶ,and related to NDV strains that circulated in chicken in Southern Africa,and Taiwan in 1990’s.Isolates QH₁,QH₂ and QH₄ from Qinhai province of China and those from Southern Africa consist a new genotype Ⅷ.All the results showed that NDV circulated in our country are regional in some extent,and also many strains oversea are imported.So it is very complicated especially in regard of different birds species.On the other hand,although NDV is steadily inherited,it is varied actually and maybe one reason of ND’s prevailing.更多还原