【摘要】 近年来 ,西安市未及接种麻疹疫苗 (MV)的周岁内婴儿麻疹发病有增高趋势 ,为查明原因 ,在 2 0 0 0年春季对西安市儿童医院收治的 436例≤ 7岁麻疹患儿进行了分析。结果 <8月龄未接种MV的病例占 34 40 % ,发病最多的是 6、7、8月龄 ,分别占周岁内病例数的 18 18%、15 91%和 2 1 82 %。同时随机抽取 5 1名 5～ 8月龄未接种MV未患过麻疹的健康婴儿和 6 3名育龄期妇女 ,用酶联免疫吸附试验 (ELISA)间接法检测麻疹IgG抗体 ,结果 7名 5月龄儿童麻疹抗体阳性率为 5 7 14% ,GMT为 1∶148 4,随月龄增长抗体阳性率逐渐下降 ,12名 8月龄婴儿均为阴性。 6 3名育龄期妇女抗体阴性占 15 87% ,抗体处于低水平占 5 8 73% ,中等水平 19 0 5 % ,高水平只占 6 35 %。此结果表明 ,婴儿发生麻疹主要是母亲麻疹抗体水平低 ,导致婴儿母传抗体水平低、维持时间短 ,不能保护婴儿至 8月龄MV初种时。因此建议对育龄期妇女进行婚前MV接种 ,并将MV初种月龄调整至 6月龄。更多还原

【Abstract】 Recently in XI’an the measles cases increased in non-immunized infants under 1 year old. In order to find out the reason, we conducted a survey to observe 436 measles cases under 7 years old hospitalized in Children’s Hospitals in Xi’an in Spring, 2000. The survey showed that the non-immunized infantile measles cases under 8 months old accounted for 34.40% of the hospitalized cases, most of them were ages of 6,7,8 months old, accounting for 18.18%, 15.91% and 21.82% of the total measles cases under 1 year old respectively. At the same time, we selected randomly 51 healthy infants of 5～8 months old who had not been vaccinated by measles vaccine (MV) and another 63 women of childbearing age to detect their IgG antibody against measles by the method of ELLSA. The results showed that 7 infants of 5 months old had measles IgG positive rate of 57.14%and GMT 1∶21.0, which were decreasing along with the growing of age. In 12 infants of 8 months old, the measles IgG and GMT decreased to zero. Furthermore, the measles IgG negative rate in 53 women of childbearing age was 15.87%, the positive rates in them were 58.73% (with a low level), 19.50% (with a medium level) and 6.35% (with a higher level). When the maternal measles antibody decreased to a low leval, it surely can not protect infants from measles as long as 8 months, so we suggest that women of childbearing age had better be revaccinated with MV before their marriage and the primary MV vaccination of the infants shift to an earlier time at the age of 6 months old.更多还原