【摘要】 目的　了解司机吸烟、饮酒情况 ,为制定相应的预防措施服务。方法　横断面调查 1992年已建立职业健康监护档案的 35岁或以上司机的吸烟、饮酒习惯及一般人口特征指标 ,并进一步分析不同类型司机吸烟、饮酒模式。结果　本研究共调查司机 815 47名 ,其中男 76 896名 ,占 94 3% ,女 46 5 1名 ,占5 7% ,均以较年轻、中学文化程度和已婚者为主 ;专业司机主要为客货车司机 ,非专业司机则以摩托车司机为主 ;司机的吸烟率、饮酒率分别为男 5 4 8%、12 1% ,女 0 4%、0 1% ,男司机吸烟率、饮酒率均专业司机高于非专业司机 ,驾驶车型以客货车司机为主 ,吸烟者日吸烟量、烟龄和饮酒者酒龄也有相同结果 ;2 0岁以前吸烟或饮酒者所占比例也以专业的客货车司机为主。结论　广州司机的吸烟、饮酒情况均以专业客货车司机为主 ,尽早采取措施严禁在客车、公共汽车上吸烟和加强酒后驾车监管力度很有必要。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To make clear the state of drivers’ smoking and drinking for the service of making relative measme of prevention.Methods The drivers’ habits of smoking and drinking and their general demographic characteristics were researched with cross-sectional study in Guangzhou.Ages of drivers were 35 or above and their occupational health recordes were made in 1992. Smoking and drinking in different type of drivers were further analyzed.Results There were 81547 drivers including 76896(94.3%) male and 4651(5.7%) female to be studied.The proportion of driver was higher in those who were younger, secondary education or married.The main group was those who drive buses or trucks in occupational drivers, and those who drive motorcyrcles in non-occopational drivers.The prevalence of smoking was 54.8% in male and 0.4% in female,and prevalance of drinking was 12 1% in male and 0 1% in female. The prevalence of smoking or drinking in male occuptional drivers was higher than that in non-occupational drivers, especially in those who drive buses or trucks.The same results were also found on the amount of smoking per day, years of smoking in smokers and years of drinking in drinkers. The proportion of drivers who smoked or drink before 20 years old was highest in those who were occupational drivers and who drive buses or trucks.Conclusion The prevalence of smoking or drinking was mainly in those who were occupational drivers and who drive buses or truck.It is needed to make the measure of banning smoking in passenger cars or buses and further inspect driving after drinking.更多还原