【摘要】 目的　查明小清河下游地区地方性氟中毒流行现状 ,探讨有效的改水降氟办法。方法　对该地区 3处乡镇所有的饮用水源进行水氟测定和水源基本情况调查 (水源类型、水井深度等 ) ,抽样调查 8～ 12岁儿童的氟斑牙患病情况和尿氟含量以及 16岁以上人群的氟骨症患病情况。结果　小清河下游地区属深井水导致的饮水型地方性氟中毒病区 ,水源高氟检出率 6 5 .71% ,儿童氟斑牙患病率 5 7.5 1% ,成人氟骨症患病率 0 .5 8% ,属中、轻度流行。高氟检出率与水井深度有关 ,井深超过 5 0 0 m,高氟检出率明显降低。结论　该地区地下深层仍有低氟水源存在 ,通过进一步增加水井深度至 5 0 0 m以上 ,是解决高氟问题切实可行的改水办法更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To find out the present prevalent situation of the endemic fluorosis in the lower reaches of Xiaoqing river,and to look for an effective way to altering sources to lower fluoride level.Methods To determine the water fluoride content in the drinking water sources and investigate the basic condition of the water sources (type of the water sources,the depth of well,etc) in the three towns of this area.Make a sampling survey of the children aged from 8 to 12 about the dental fluorosis and determine the urine fluoride,and the skeletal fluorosis among the crowd over 16 years of age.Results The survey shows that the lower reaches of Xiaoqing river belong to the drinking water type of endemic fluorosis caused by drinking deep well water.In this area,65.71% of the water sources contain high level of fluoride,57.51% of the children suffer from dental fluorosis,0.58% of the crowd over 16 years of age suffer from skeletal fluorosis.High water fluoride rate is related with the depth of the well.If the well is over 500 metres deep,the fluoride content rate is clearly low.Conclusions In this area,there are still some water sources which contain normal level of fluoride.By increasing the depth of the well down to 500 metres,the problem of high fluoride in water might be solved.更多还原