【摘要】 以热时间 (thermaltime)为尺度研究了小麦不同品种和播期对发育阶段的效应 .结果表明 ,小麦分蘖发生的早晚以生态因子调控为主 ,基因型差异较小 ;分蘖 拔节期为冬性品种 (京 411)一生中可变性最大的生育阶段 .穗分化进入单棱期的早晚以基因型效应为主 ,生态因子的影响次之 ;单棱 二棱期为春化作用的敏感期 ,冬性品种晚播 (3月 2日 )春化效应可延迟到小花原基分化期之前 .小麦物候期与穗发育阶段的对应关系具有一定的可变性 .冬性品种较强的春化作用增加了其生态可变叶原基数 ;春化过程结束前 ,物候发育及穗发育阶段累计GDD与相应生殖器官原基分化数的相关性不明显 .春性品种 (扬麦 15 8)的物候发育及药隔分化期之前的穗发育阶段与各类顶端原基的分化数均具有极显著的正相关关系 .更多还原

【Abstract】 The effects of different sowing dates and varieties on development stages of wheat were studied in this paper.The results showed that the emergence of tiller was mainly regulated by the ecological factors rather than the genetic effect.For winter-type variety(Jing 411),most variable growth duration throughout the entire growth cycle occurred from tillering to jointing. In contrast,the timing of single ridge stage was determined by genotypic effect rather than ecological factors.Single ridge to double ridge stage was most sensitive to vernalization progress.For spring sowing of winter-type variety,the vernalization process could last till floral primordium differentiation stage. The corresponding relationships existed between phenological and spike development stages in different sowing dates,although a little variable. Winter-type variety had more ecologically variable leaf primoudia,due to its stronger vernalization requirement. For winter-type variety,the primordium numbers of reproductive organs were not apparently related to the GDD accumulated prior to vernalization completion,while for spring-type variety(Yangmai 158),the numbers of different apex primordia including vegetative and reproductive organs were significantly related to the accumulated GDD during the entire phenological stages as well as before anther separation stage.更多还原