【摘要】 目的　观察非选择性毒蕈碱 (M )受体拮抗剂东莨菪碱、选择性M1受体拮抗剂哌拉唑嗪以及选择性M2受体拮抗剂美索四氨对吗啡戒断反应的影响。方法采用吗啡依赖大鼠模型侧脑室注射上述药物 ,并用腹腔注射纳洛酮诱发戒断反应 ,记录 6 0min内戒断症状。结果　侧脑室注射东莨菪碱 (2 5 ,5 0 μg)、哌拉唑嗪 (2 0 μg)和美索四氨 (2 5 μg)可明显抑制由纳洛酮诱发戒断反应 ,东莨菪碱减轻吗啡戒断症状呈明显量效关系。结论　侧脑室注射东莨菪碱能减轻吗啡戒断反应 ,提示中枢胆碱能神经毒蕈碱 (M )受体在吗啡依赖和耐受过程中起重要作用。更多还原

【Abstract】 Aim To investigate the effect of cholinergic receptors in central nervous system on morphine dependent rats. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 200～ 250 g were rendered dependent on morphine by subcutaneous injection of morphine in increasing doses for 5 days. Prior to testing, rats received infusion of either a solution of drug (scopolamine, pirenzepine, methoctramine) or vehicle (normal saline) in lateral cerebral ventricle. Withdrawal behavior was monitored for 60 min after intraperitoneal administration of naloxone. Results The animal pretreatment with scopolamine (25, 50 μg) or muscarinic subtype antagonists ( 20 μg pirenzepine, 25 μg methoctramine) could significantly attenuate naloxone precipitated morphine abstinence syndrome. Central administration of scopolamine could reduce reaction of morphine withdrawal in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion The central cholinergic receptors may be play an important role in the process of morphine withdrawal. Both M 1 and M 2 receptors may contribute to the development of morphine dependence and tolerance.更多还原