【摘要】 本文从两个层面,即教学中的个人和个人所处的教育和社会系统,讨论语言测试的影响对象以及语言测试对教学的反拨效应。反拨效应有正、负两面,测试要尽量克服它对教学的负面效应,提高正面效应。本文最后介绍并提出了提高正面反拨效应的一些途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 Language testing influences educational and social systems and the individuals within the systems. Its impact on language teaching, which is called washback, can be positive and negative. This article discusses the two aspects of washback and puts forward some proposals to minimize the negative aspect and maximize the positive aspect.更多还原