【摘要】 目的　了解我国城市儿童少年饮料消费现状及其影响因素 ,发现存在的问题 ,为制定有效的干预措施提供科学依据。方法　用三阶段分层整群随机抽样方法在上海、广州、济南和哈尔滨 4城市抽取 1 0 2 1 6名 3～ 1 4岁儿童少年 ,用问卷调查的方法收集儿童少年有关饮料消费的资料。结果　儿童少年在家里主要饮用的饮料有碳酸饮料 ( 71 .5% )、牛奶 ( 67.9% )和白开水 ( 61 .3% ) ,饮料主要由母亲来准备 ;在学校主要饮用白开水 ( 78.1 % )、牛奶 ( 2 6.7% )和豆奶 ( 2 3.4% ) ,饮料主要由儿童少年自己准备。儿童少年喜欢饮用某些饮料的主要原因有味道好、有营养和包装好。一天内饮用过白开水、牛奶、碳酸饮料和果汁的比例分别为 86.9%、58.0 %、37.0 %和 1 6.2 %。影响儿童少年碳酸饮料消费的主要因素为家庭经济收入和父母文化程度。结论　碳酸饮料等软饮料已成为城市儿童少年饮料消费的主流 ,为引导他们合理地消费饮料 ,高年龄的儿童少年和母亲是营养教育的重点对象。更多还原

【Abstract】 Objective To study beverage consumption of children and adolescents in four cities, explore its contributing factors, and provide scientific basis for developing effective interventions. Methods The study population included 10 216 children was selected from four cities of Shanghai, Guangzhou, Harbin and Jinan using the method of stratified multistage cluster random sampling, and data on beverage consumption of children and adolescents were collected through a questionnaire survey. Results Children and adolescents mainly drank carbonated drink ( 71.5 %), milk (67.9%) and plain water (61.3%) at home, and their mother prepared drinks firstly. In the school, they mainly drank plain water (78.1%), milk (26.7%) and bean milk (23.4%), and prepared beverages by themselves firstly. The leading reasons they liked drinking some beverages were good taste, nutrition and good package of those beverages. Out of the surveyed children and adolescents, 86.9%, 58.0%, 37.0% and 16.2% drank plain water, milk, carbonated drink and juice respectively during a day. The main factors influencing carbonated drink consumption were family income and educational level of parents. Conclusions Carbonated drink was the major beverage drank by children and adolescents in four cities. In order to improve their beverage consumption behavior, their mother and themselves were the major subjects of nutrition education.更多还原