【摘要】 在贵州中部黄壤旱坡地上 ,通过无界径流小区法以及野外坡面径流小区试验 ,对梯化和未梯化的黄壤旱坡地地表径流中磷酸根态磷、颗粒态磷以及生物有效磷的浓度变化 ,以及旱地梯化种植与传统顺坡种植下土壤磷流失量的差异进行了研究。结果表明 ,梯化与未梯化黄壤旱坡地地表径流中颗粒态磷和生物有效磷含量出现显著性的差异 ,旱坡地梯化后地表径流中颗粒态磷的含量减少 17.0 9%～ 5 7.94 % ,生物有效磷含量减少 16.0 1%～3 6.83 %。黄壤旱地土埂梯化种植能明显减少地表径流中颗粒态磷的流失量 ,其年均颗粒态磷的流失量比传统顺坡种植减少 71.64% ,但旱地梯化种植未能明显减少水溶态磷的流失量。土壤磷素水平的提高能明显增加旱坡地磷素的流失潜能 ,黄壤旱地梯化种植结合平衡施肥是减少土壤磷素流失以及保护水体质量的有效途径。更多还原

【Abstract】 The concentration of various phosphorus forms and the amount of phosphorus loss in runoff from yellow soil of hilly areas by terrace cropping in Guizhou provinc e were studied. The results showed that particulate P concentration was 0.276~2. 516 mg/L, accounting for 90.5%~98.9% of total P, and the concentrations of ortho -P and bio-available P were respectively 0.020~0.065 mg/L and 0.210~0.733 mg/L in the runoff. The contents of particulate P and bio-available P reduced 1 7.09%~57.94% and 16.01%~36.83%,respectively, in surface runoff derived from terr aced lands than from un-terraced lands. In addition, the amount of particulate P loss in runoff decreased 71.64% from plots cultivated terracing slope than fro m plots cultivated up and down slope, while the amount of dissolved P loss had n o difference significantly. Therefore, terrace cropping and balanced application for fertilizers was an effective way to reduce P loss in the upland fields.更多还原