【摘要】 通过在硅胶中加入特殊添加剂的TLC方法 ,对胜利原油的总酸组分按照化学结构和相对分子质量进行了高效的分离。用红外、核磁、元素分析、相对分子质量测定、酸值等方法对各组分的结构进行了表征。测定了它们的动态界面张力并研究了化学结构与界面活性之间的关系。结果表明 ,酸性组分的族组成与它们的相对分子质量密切相关 ,并在界面张力中起决定作用。在总酸组分的相对分子质量较低的组分 (Mn<5 0 0 )中 ,酸的侧链以脂肪烃为主 ,表现了较强的界面活性。相对分子质量较高的组分 (Mn>5 0 0 ) ,表现了较弱的界面活性。更多还原

【Abstract】 The acid fractions were efficiently isolated from Shengli crude oil by TLC with special additives. Their structures were characterized by using IR, NMR, elemental analysis, relative molecular mass, DBE and acid number. The dynamic interfacial tensions were measured in oil/alkaline solutions. The relationships between structure and interfacial activity were studied. The structures of the acid fractions were closely related to their relative molecular mass, on which the interfacial activity of the acid fractions depends. Acid fractions with the lower average relative molecular mass ( M n<500) have considerable aliphatics in R side chain, and show stronger interfacial activities Fractions with the higher average relative molecular mass ( M n>500)show lower interfacial activities更多还原