【摘要】 通过在中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所皋兰生态农业试验站 1 998 1 999年的降雨 -径流观测实验 ,利用直线回归模型确定包括自然集水面在内的 9种人工集水面的临界产流降雨量值 (降雨阀值 )。结果表明 :在不受前期降雨影响下 ,自然黄土坡面、清除杂草自然黄土坡面和粘土夯实集水面的临界产流降雨量分别为 8 5mm ,8 0mm和 4 1mm。在受前期降雨影响下 ,其临界产流降雨量分别为 6 0mm ,5 0mm和 1 9mm。塑料膜、油毡、沥青和混凝土处理集水面的产流过程受降雨量和降雨强度的影响小 ,平均状态下其临界产流降雨量为 0 1～ 1 5mm。塑料膜、油毡、沥青、塑料 +小砾石和塑料 +大砾石集水面的临界产流降雨量分别为 0 1 3mm ,0 2 1mm ,0 1 7mm ,0 98mm和 0 85mm。混凝土集水面在干燥情况下的临界产流降雨量为 1 4 8mm ,在不干燥情况下的临界产流降雨量为 1 1 6mm。更多还原

【Abstract】 Based on the rainfall-runoff observations under the natural rainfall at the Gaolan Research Station of Ecology and Agriculture, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, CAS, in 1998-1999, the threshold rainfall values for 9 rainfall-harvesting catchments were determined by the linear regression model. The results indicated that:(1)the threshold rainfalls were 8.5mm, 8.0mm and 4.0mm under the no effect of the antecedent rainfall for the natural loess slope catchment, slope clearing catchment and compacted clay catchment, respectively, and (2)the threshold rainfalls were 6mm, 5.0mm and 1.9mm under the effect of the antecedent rainfall conditions, respectively. The threshold rainfall for the plastic film, the asphalt felt, the asphalt sprayed catchment, the ’big’ pebble-covered (7-14 cm in diameter) film and the ’small’ pebble-covered (2-6 cm in diameter) film catchments were 0.13mm, 0.21mm, 0.17mm, 0.98mm and 0.85mm, respectively. The threshold rainfall for the concrete catchments is 1.48mm without the effect of the antecedent rainfall effect and 1.16mm with the antecedent rainfall effect.更多还原